HMDB0000692 | Fe2+ | 15438-31-0 | | Fe | 55.845 55.934942133 | Not Available |
HMDB0001043 | Arachidonic acid | 506-32-1 | | C20H32O2 | 304.4669 304.240230268 | Not Available |
HMDB0001335 | Prostaglandin I2 | 35121-78-9 | | C20H32O5 | 352.4651 352.224974134 | Not Available |
HMDB0001377 | Oxygen | 7782-44-7 | | O2 | 31.9988 31.989829244 | Not Available |
HMDB0001381 | Prostaglandin H2 | 42935-17-1 | | C20H32O5 | 352.4651 352.224974134 | Not Available |
HMDB0001859 | Acetaminophen | 103-90-2 | | C8H9NO2 | 151.1626 151.063328537 | Not Available |
HMDB0001879 | Aspirin | 50-78-2 | | C9H8O4 | 180.1574 180.042258744 | - Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [PubMed:11752352 ]
- Brzozowski T, Konturek PC, Sliwowski Z, Kwiecien S, Drozdowicz D, Pawlik M, Mach K, Konturek SJ, Pawlik WW: Interaction of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) with Helicobacter pylori in the stomach of humans and experimental animals. J Physiol Pharmacol. 2006 Sep;57 Suppl 3:67-79. [PubMed:17033106 ]
- Wang HJ, Liu XJ, Yang KX, Luo FM, Lou JY, Peng ZL: [Effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug celecoxib on expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in ovarian carcinoma cell]. Sichuan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2006 Sep;37(5):757-60. [PubMed:17037745 ]
- Shen J, Gammon MD, Terry MB, Teitelbaum SL, Neugut AI, Santella RM: Genetic polymorphisms in the cyclooxygenase-2 gene, use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and breast cancer risk. Breast Cancer Res. 2006;8(6):R71. [PubMed:17181859 ]
- Nakano M, Denda N, Matsumoto M, Kawamura M, Kawakubo Y, Hatanaka K, Hiramoto Y, Sato Y, Noshiro M, Harada Y: Interaction between cyclooxygenase (COX)-1- and COX-2-products modulates COX-2 expression in the late phase of acute inflammation. Eur J Pharmacol. 2007 Mar 22;559(2-3):210-8. Epub 2006 Dec 16. [PubMed:17258197 ]
- Hall MN, Campos H, Li H, Sesso HD, Stampfer MJ, Willett WC, Ma J: Blood levels of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, aspirin, and the risk of colorectal cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2007 Feb;16(2):314-21. [PubMed:17301265 ]
|
HMDB0001895 | Salicylic acid | 69-72-7 | | C7H6O3 | 138.122 138.031694053 | - Graham GG, Scott KF: Mechanisms of action of paracetamol and related analgesics. Inflammopharmacology. 2003;11(4):401-13. [PubMed:15035793 ]
- Vane JR: Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis as a mechanism of action for aspirin-like drugs. Nat New Biol. 1971 Jun 23;231(25):232-5. [PubMed:5284360 ]
- Fiebich BL, Chrubasik S: Effects of an ethanolic salix extract on the release of selected inflammatory mediators in vitro. Phytomedicine. 2004 Feb;11(2-3):135-8. [PubMed:15070163 ]
- Chae HJ, Chae SW, Reed JC, Kim HR: Salicylate regulates COX-2 expression through ERK and subsequent NF-kappaB activation in osteoblasts. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol. 2004 Feb;26(1):75-91. [PubMed:15106733 ]
- Wu KK: Aspirin and other cyclooxygenase inhibitors: new therapeutic insights. Semin Vasc Med. 2003 May;3(2):107-12. [PubMed:15199473 ]
- Elvira C, Gallardo A, Lacroix N, Schacht E, San Roman J: Incorporation of salicylic acid derivatives to hydrophilic copolymer systems with biomedical applications. J Mater Sci Mater Med. 2001 Jun;12(6):535-42. [PubMed:15348270 ]
|
HMDB0001897 | Substance P | 33507-63-0 | | C63H98N18O13S | 1347.63 1346.728146002 | - Koon HW, Zhao D, Zhan Y, Rhee SH, Moyer MP, Pothoulakis C: Substance P stimulates cyclooxygenase-2 and prostaglandin E2 expression through JAK-STAT activation in human colonic epithelial cells. J Immunol. 2006 Apr 15;176(8):5050-9. [PubMed:16585602 ]
- Sio SW, Ang SF, Lu J, Moochhala S, Bhatia M: Substance P upregulates cyclooxygenase-2 and prostaglandin E metabolite by activating ERK1/2 and NF-kappaB in a mouse model of burn-induced remote acute lung injury. J Immunol. 2010 Nov 15;185(10):6265-76. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1001739. Epub 2010 Oct 6. [PubMed:20926798 ]
- Gallicchio M, Rosa AC, Benetti E, Collino M, Dianzani C, Fantozzi R: Substance P-induced cyclooxygenase-2 expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Br J Pharmacol. 2006 Mar;147(6):681-9. [PubMed:16432508 ]
|
HMDB0001923 | Naproxen | 22204-53-1 | | C14H14O3 | 230.2592 230.094294314 | Not Available |
HMDB0001925 | Ibuprofen | 15687-27-1 | | C13H18O2 | 206.2808 206.13067982 | Not Available |
HMDB0001999 | Eicosapentaenoic acid | 10417-94-4 | | C20H30O2 | 302.451 302.224580204 | - Das UN: Can COX-2 inhibitor-induced increase in cardiovascular disease risk be modified by essential fatty acids? J Assoc Physicians India. 2005 Jul;53:623-7. [PubMed:16190133 ]
- Machida T, Hiramatsu M, Hamaue N, Minami M, Hirafuji M: Docosahexaenoic acid enhances cyclooxygenase-2 induction by facilitating p44/42, but not p38, mitogen-activated protein kinase activation in rat vascular smooth muscle cells. J Pharmacol Sci. 2005 Sep;99(1):113-6. Epub 2005 Sep 1. [PubMed:16141635 ]
- Vecchio AJ, Simmons DM, Malkowski MG: Structural basis of fatty acid substrate binding to cyclooxygenase-2. J Biol Chem. 2010 Jul 16;285(29):22152-63. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M110.119867. Epub 2010 May 12. [PubMed:20463020 ]
- Lee JY, Plakidas A, Lee WH, Heikkinen A, Chanmugam P, Bray G, Hwang DH: Differential modulation of Toll-like receptors by fatty acids: preferential inhibition by n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. J Lipid Res. 2003 Mar;44(3):479-86. Epub 2002 Dec 1. [PubMed:12562875 ]
- Ait-Said F, Elalamy I, Werts C, Gomard MT, Jacquemin C, Couetil JP, Hatmi M: Inhibition by eicosapentaenoic acid of IL-1beta-induced PGHS-2 expression in human microvascular endothelial cells: involvement of lipoxygenase-derived metabolites and p38 MAPK pathway. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2003 Feb 20;1631(1):77-84. [PubMed:12573452 ]
- Chene G, Dubourdeau M, Balard P, Escoubet-Lozach L, Orfila C, Berry A, Bernad J, Aries MF, Charveron M, Pipy B: n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids induce the expression of COX-2 via PPARgamma activation in human keratinocyte HaCaT cells. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2007 May;1771(5):576-89. Epub 2007 Mar 16. [PubMed:17459764 ]
|
HMDB0002111 | Water | 7732-18-5 | | H2O | 18.0153 18.010564686 | Not Available |
HMDB0003178 | Heme | 14875-96-8 | | C34H32FeN4O4 | 616.487 616.177297665 | Not Available |
HMDB0003235 | Prostaglandin G2 | 51982-36-6 | | C20H32O6 | 368.4645 368.219888756 | Not Available |
HMDB0005014 | Celecoxib | 169590-42-5 | | C17H14F3N3O2S | 381.372 381.075882012 | Not Available |
HMDB0005033 | Valdecoxib | 181695-72-7 | | C16H14N2O3S | 314.359 314.072513014 | Not Available |
HMDB0013840 | 3-Hydroxymethylantipyrine | 18125-49-0 | | C11H12N2O2 | 204.2252 204.089877638 | - Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [PubMed:11752352 ]
- Lee YS, Kim H, Brahim JS, Rowan J, Lee G, Dionne RA: Acetaminophen selectively suppresses peripheral prostaglandin E2 release and increases COX-2 gene expression in a clinical model of acute inflammation. Pain. 2007 Jun;129(3):279-86. Epub 2006 Dec 18. [PubMed:17175104 ]
- Hinz B, Cheremina O, Brune K: Acetaminophen (paracetamol) is a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor in man. FASEB J. 2008 Feb;22(2):383-90. Epub 2007 Sep 20. [PubMed:17884974 ]
- Weinheimer EM, Jemiolo B, Carroll CC, Harber MP, Haus JM, Burd NA, LeMoine JK, Trappe SW, Trappe TA: Resistance exercise and cyclooxygenase (COX) expression in human skeletal muscle: implications for COX-inhibiting drugs and protein synthesis. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2007 Jun;292(6):R2241-8. Epub 2007 Feb 22. [PubMed:17322116 ]
- Brune K, Neubert A: Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic aspects of the ideal COX-2 inhibitor: a pharmacologist's perspective. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2001 Nov-Dec;19(6 Suppl 25):S51-7. [PubMed:11695253 ]
|
HMDB0013870 | cis,trans-5'-Hydroxythalidomide | | | C13H10N2O5 | 274.2289 274.05897144 | - Zhou SF, Zhou ZW, Yang LP, Cai JP: Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675. Epub 2009 Sep 1. [PubMed:19515014 ]
- Payvandi F, Wu L, Haley M, Schafer PH, Zhang LH, Chen RS, Muller GW, Stirling DI: Immunomodulatory drugs inhibit expression of cyclooxygenase-2 from TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, and LPS-stimulated human PBMC in a partially IL-10-dependent manner. Cell Immunol. 2004 Aug;230(2):81-8. [PubMed:15598423 ]
- Horrobin DF: A low toxicity maintenance regime, using eicosapentaenoic acid and readily available drugs, for mantle cell lymphoma and other malignancies with excess cyclin D1 levels. Med Hypotheses. 2003 May;60(5):615-23. [PubMed:12710892 ]
- Hada M, Mizutari K: [A case report of metastatic pancreatic cancer that responded remarkably to the combination of thalidomide, celecoxib and irinotecan]. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 2004 Sep;31(9):1407-10. [PubMed:15446566 ]
- Wiedmann MW, Caca K: Molecularly targeted therapy for gastrointestinal cancer. Curr Cancer Drug Targets. 2005 May;5(3):171-93. [PubMed:15892618 ]
- Du GJ, Lin HH, Xu QT, Wang MW: Thalidomide inhibits growth of tumors through COX-2 degradation independent of antiangiogenesis. Vascul Pharmacol. 2005 Aug;43(2):112-9. [PubMed:15982930 ]
|
HMDB0013974 | 4'-Hydroxydiclofenac | 64118-84-9 | | C14H11Cl2NO3 | 312.148 311.011598637 | - Kirchheiner J, Meineke I, Steinbach N, Meisel C, Roots I, Brockmoller J: Pharmacokinetics of diclofenac and inhibition of cyclooxygenases 1 and 2: no relationship to the CYP2C9 genetic polymorphism in humans. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2003 Jan;55(1):51-61. [PubMed:12534640 ]
- Chavez ML, DeKorte CJ: Valdecoxib: a review. Clin Ther. 2003 Mar;25(3):817-51. [PubMed:12852704 ]
- Blomme EA, Chinn KS, Hardy MM, Casler JJ, Kim SH, Opsahl AC, Hall WA, Trajkovic D, Khan KN, Tripp CS: Selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition does not affect the healing of cutaneous full-thickness incisional wounds in SKH-1 mice. Br J Dermatol. 2003 Feb;148(2):211-23. [PubMed:12588370 ]
- Beubler E: [Pharmacology of cyclooxygenase 2 inhibition]. Wien Med Wochenschr. 2003;153(5-6):95-9. [PubMed:12705061 ]
- Rowlinson SW, Kiefer JR, Prusakiewicz JJ, Pawlitz JL, Kozak KR, Kalgutkar AS, Stallings WC, Kurumbail RG, Marnett LJ: A novel mechanism of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition involving interactions with Ser-530 and Tyr-385. J Biol Chem. 2003 Nov 14;278(46):45763-9. Epub 2003 Aug 18. [PubMed:12925531 ]
|
HMDB0013989 | O-Desmethylnaproxen | | | C13H12O3 | 216.2326 216.07864425 | - Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [PubMed:11752352 ]
- Albertini R, Aimbire F, Villaverde AB, Silva JA Jr, Costa MS: COX-2 mRNA expression decreases in the subplantar muscle of rat paw subjected to carrageenan-induced inflammation after low level laser therapy. Inflamm Res. 2007 Jun;56(6):228-9. [PubMed:17607546 ]
- Dhir A, Naidu PS, Kulkarni SK: Neuroprotective effect of nimesulide, a preferential COX-2 inhibitor, against pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced chemical kindling and associated biochemical parameters in mice. Seizure. 2007 Dec;16(8):691-7. Epub 2007 Jul 2. [PubMed:17604186 ]
- Kumar P, Padi SS, Naidu PS, Kumar A: Cyclooxygenase inhibition attenuates 3-nitropropionic acid-induced neurotoxicity in rats: possible antioxidant mechanisms. Fundam Clin Pharmacol. 2007 Jun;21(3):297-306. [PubMed:17521299 ]
- White WB: Cardiovascular effects of the selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors. Subcell Biochem. 2007;42:145-58. [PubMed:17612049 ]
- Hassan-Alin M, Naesdal J, Nilsson-Pieschl C, Langstrom G, Andersson T: Lack of Pharmacokinetic Interaction between Esomeprazole and the Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs Naproxen and Rofecoxib in Healthy Subjects. Clin Drug Investig. 2005;25(11):731-40. [PubMed:17532719 ]
|
HMDB0013991 | 5'-Hydroxylornoxicam | | | C13H10ClN3O5S2 | 387.819 386.975039532 | - Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [PubMed:11752352 ]
- Yamada M, Niki H, Yamashita M, Mue S, Ohuchi K: Prostaglandin E2 production dependent upon cyclooxygenase-1 and cyclooxygenase-2 and its contradictory modulation by auranofin in rat peritoneal macrophages. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1997 May;281(2):1005-12. [PubMed:9152412 ]
- Ozgocmen S, Ardicoglu O, Erdogan H, Fadillioglu E, Gudul H: In vivo effect of celecoxib and tenoxicam on oxidant/ anti-oxidant status of patients with knee osteoarthritis. Ann Clin Lab Sci. 2005 Spring;35(2):137-43. [PubMed:15943176 ]
- Kothekar V, Sahi S, Srinivasan M, Mohan A, Mishra J: Recognition of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) active site by NSAIDs: a computer modelling study. Indian J Biochem Biophys. 2001 Feb-Apr;38(1-2):56-63. [PubMed:11563332 ]
- Yilmaz H, Gurel S, Ozdemir O: The use and safety profile of non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs among Turkish patients with osteoarthritis. Turk J Gastroenterol. 2005 Sep;16(3):138-42. [PubMed:16245223 ]
- Galvao RI, Diogenes JP, Maia GC, Filho EA, Vasconcelos SM, de Menezes DB, Cunha GM, Viana GS: Tenoxicam exerts a neuroprotective action after cerebral ischemia in rats. Neurochem Res. 2005 Jan;30(1):39-46. [PubMed:15756931 ]
|
HMDB0013995 | Hydroxycelecoxib | 170571-00-3 | | C17H14F3N3O3S | 397.372 397.070796634 | - Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [PubMed:11752352 ]
- Sigthorsson G, Simpson RJ, Walley M, Anthony A, Foster R, Hotz-Behoftsitz C, Palizban A, Pombo J, Watts J, Morham SG, Bjarnason I: COX-1 and 2, intestinal integrity, and pathogenesis of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug enteropathy in mice. Gastroenterology. 2002 Jun;122(7):1913-23. [PubMed:12055598 ]
- Scheiman JM: Outcomes studies of the gastrointestinal safety of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors. Cleve Clin J Med. 2002;69 Suppl 1:SI40-6. [PubMed:12086292 ]
- Reddy BS, Rao CV: Novel approaches for colon cancer prevention by cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors. J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol. 2002;21(2):155-64. [PubMed:12086402 ]
- Ahmad SR, Kortepeter C, Brinker A, Chen M, Beitz J: Renal failure associated with the use of celecoxib and rofecoxib. Drug Saf. 2002;25(7):537-44. [PubMed:12093311 ]
- Lu S, Zhang X, Badawi AF, El-Sohemy A, Archer MC: Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor celecoxib inhibits promotion of mammary tumorigenesis in rats fed a high fat diet rich in n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Cancer Lett. 2002 Oct 8;184(1):7-12. [PubMed:12104042 ]
|
HMDB0013997 | 6-Hydroxymethyletoricoxib | | | C18H15ClN2O3S | 374.841 374.049190753 | - Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [PubMed:17139284 ]
- Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [PubMed:17016423 ]
- Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [PubMed:11752352 ]
- Capone ML, Tacconelli S, Di Francesco L, Sacchetti A, Sciulli MG, Patrignani P: Pharmacodynamic of cyclooxygenase inhibitors in humans. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. 2007 Jan;82(1-4):85-94. Epub 2006 Jul 3. [PubMed:17164136 ]
- FitzGerald GA: COX-2 in play at the AHA and the FDA. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2007 Jul;28(7):303-7. Epub 2007 Jun 18. [PubMed:17573128 ]
- Yuan Y, Hunt RH: Global gastrointestinal safety profile of etoricoxib and lumiracoxib. Curr Pharm Des. 2007;13(22):2237-47. [PubMed:17691997 ]
|
HMDB0014096 | 5'-Hydroxypiroxicam | 77459-78-0 | | C15H13N3O5S | 347.346 347.057591231 | - Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [PubMed:11752352 ]
- Fackovcova D, Kristova V, Kriska M: Renal damage induced by the treatment with non-opioid analgesics--theoretical assumption or clinical significance. Bratisl Lek Listy. 2000;101(8):417-22. [PubMed:11153163 ]
- Blanco FJ, Guitian R, Moreno J, de Toro FJ, Galdo F: Effect of antiinflammatory drugs on COX-1 and COX-2 activity in human articular chondrocytes. J Rheumatol. 1999 Jun;26(6):1366-73. [PubMed:10381057 ]
- Bugajski J, Glod R, Gadek-Michalska A, Bugajski AJ: Involvement of constitutive (COX-1) and inducible cyclooxygenase (COX-2) in the adrenergic-induced ACTH and corticosterone secretion. J Physiol Pharmacol. 2001 Dec;52(4 Pt 2):795-809. [PubMed:11785774 ]
- Raju J, Bird RP: Differential modulation of transforming growth factor-betas and cyclooxygenases in the platelet lysates of male F344 rats by dietary lipids and piroxicam. Mol Cell Biochem. 2002 Feb;231(1-2):139-46. [PubMed:11952155 ]
- Veiga AP, Duarte ID, Avila MN, da Motta PG, Tatsuo MA, Francischi JN: Prevention by celecoxib of secondary hyperalgesia induced by formalin in rats. Life Sci. 2004 Oct 22;75(23):2807-17. [PubMed:15464832 ]
|