Hmdb loader
Identification
HMDB Protein ID HMDBP00783
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • 6063
  • HMDBP03830
  • HMDBP09353
Name Alcohol dehydrogenase class 4 mu/sigma chain
Synonyms
  1. Alcohol dehydrogenase class IV mu/sigma chain
  2. Gastric alcohol dehydrogenase
  3. Retinol dehydrogenase
Gene Name ADH7
Protein Type Unknown
Biological Properties
General Function Involved in zinc ion binding
Specific Function Could function in retinol oxidation for the synthesis of retinoic acid, a hormone important for cellular differentiation. Medium-chain (octanol) and aromatic (m-nitrobenzaldehyde) compounds are the best substrates. Ethanol is not a good substrate but at the high ethanol concentrations reached in the digestive tract, it plays a role in the ethanol oxidation and contributes to the first pass ethanol metabolism.
Pathways
  • Chemical carcinogenesis - DNA adducts
  • Drug metabolism - cytochrome P450
  • fatty acid metabolism
  • Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
  • Metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450
  • Retinol metabolism
  • Tyrosine metabolism
Reactions
An alcohol + NAD → an aldehyde or ketone + NADH details
Primary alcohol + NAD → Aldehyde + NADH + Hydrogen Ion details
Ethanol + NAD → Acetaldehyde + NADH + Hydrogen Ion details
Vitamin A + NAD → Retinal + NADH + Hydrogen Ion details
3,4-Dihydroxyphenylglycol + NAD → 3,4-Dihydroxymandelaldehyde + NADH + Hydrogen Ion details
Chloral hydrate + NADH + Hydrogen Ion → 2,2,2-Trichloroethanol + NAD + Water details
Aldophosphamide + NADH + Hydrogen Ion → Alcophosphamide + NAD details
2-Phenyl-1,3-propanediol monocarbamate + NAD → 3-Carbamoyl-2-phenylpropionaldehyde + NADH + Hydrogen Ion details
4-Hydroxy-5-phenyltetrahydro-1,3-oxazin-2-one + NAD → 5-Phenyl-1,3-oxazinane-2,4-dione + NADH + Hydrogen Ion details
Demethoxyegonol → 3-[2-(2H-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-1-benzofuran-5-yl]propanal details
Lansamide 3 → 3-hydroxy-1-methyl-4,5-diphenylpiperidine-2,6-dione details
3-(4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-ol → 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enal details
Mollicellin D → 13-chloro-5,14-dihydroxy-7,12-dimethyl-6-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-10-oxo-2,9-dioxatricyclo[9.4.0.0³,⁸]pentadeca-1(15),3(8),4,6,11,13-hexaene-15-carbaldehyde details
GO Classification
Biological Process
retinol metabolic process
ethanol catabolic process
fatty acid omega-oxidation
response to bacterium
retinoic acid metabolic process
retinoid metabolic process
response to ethanol
xenobiotic metabolic process
ethanol oxidation
Cellular Component
cytosol
nucleolus
extracellular region
Function
ion binding
cation binding
metal ion binding
binding
catalytic activity
transition metal ion binding
zinc ion binding
oxidoreductase activity
Molecular Function
NAD binding
alcohol dehydrogenase activity, zinc-dependent
retinol binding
retinol dehydrogenase activity
metal ion binding
aldehyde oxidase activity
ethanol binding
receptor antagonist activity
zinc ion binding
Process
metabolic process
oxidation reduction
Cellular Location
  1. Cytoplasm
Gene Properties
Chromosome Location 4
Locus 4q23-q24
SNPs ADH7
Gene Sequence
>1161 bp
ATGTTTGCAGAAATACAGATCCAAGACAAAGACAGGATGGGCACTGCTGGAAAAGTTATT
AAATGCAAAGCAGCTGTGCTTTGGGAGCAGAAGCAACCCTTCTCCATTGAGGAAATAGAA
GTTGCCCCACCAAAGACTAAAGAAGTTCGCATTAAGATTTTGGCCACAGGAATCTGTCGC
ACAGATGACCATGTGATAAAAGGAACAATGGTGTCCAAGTTTCCAGTGATTGTGGGACAT
GAGGCAACTGGGATTGTAGAGAGCATTGGAGAAGGAGTGACTACAGTGAAACCAGGTGAC
AAAGTCATCCCTCTCTTTCTGCCACAATGTAGAGAATGCAATGCTTGTCGCAACCCAGAT
GGCAACCTTTGCATTAGGAGCGATATTACTGGTCGTGGAGTACTGGCTGATGGCACCACC
AGATTTACATGCAAGGGCAAACCAGTCCACCACTTCATGAACACCAGTACATTTACCGAG
TACACAGTGGTGGATGAATCTTCTGTTGCTAAGATTGATGATGCAGCTCCTCCTGAGAAA
GTCTGTTTAATTGGCTGTGGGTTTTCCACTGGATATGGCGCTGCTGTTAAAACTGGCAAG
GTCAAACCTGGTTCCACTTGCGTCGTCTTTGGCCTGGGAGGAGTTGGCCTGTCAGTCATC
ATGGGCTGTAAGTCAGCTGGTGCATCTAGGATCATTGGGATTGACCTCAACAAAGACAAA
TTTGAGAAGGCCATGGCTGTAGGTGCCACTGAGTGTATCAGTCCCAAGGACTCTACCAAA
CCCATCAGTGAGGTGCTGTCAGAAATGACAGGCAACAACGTGGGATACACCTTTGAAGTT
ATTGGGCATCTTGAAACCATGATTGATGCCCTGGCATCCTGCCACATGAACTATGGGACC
AGCGTGGTTGTAGGAGTTCCTCCATCAGCCAAGATGCTCACCTATGACCCGATGTTGCTC
TTCACTGGACGCACATGGAAGGGATGTGTCTTTGGAGGTTTGAAAAGCAGAGATGATGTC
CCAAAACTAGTGACTGAGTTCCTGGCAAAGAAATTTGACCTGGACCAGTTGATAACTCAT
GTTTTACCATTTAAAAAAATCAGTGAAGGATTTGAGCTGCTCAATTCAGGACAAAGCATT
CGAACGGTCCTGACGTTTTGA
Protein Properties
Number of Residues 386
Molecular Weight 41480.985
Theoretical pI 7.861
Pfam Domain Function
Signals Not Available
Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Protein Sequence
>Alcohol dehydrogenase class 4 mu/sigma chain
MFAEIQIQDKDRMGTAGKVIKCKAAVLWEQKQPFSIEEIEVAPPKTKEVRIKILATGICR
TDDHVIKGTMVSKFPVIVGHEATGIVESIGEGVTTVKPGDKVIPLFLPQCRECNACRNPD
GNLCIRSDITGRGVLADGTTRFTCKGKPVHHFMNTSTFTEYTVVDESSVAKIDDAAPPEK
VCLIGCGFSTGYGAAVKTGKVKPGSTCVVFGLGGVGLSVIMGCKSAGASRIIGIDLNKDK
FEKAMAVGATECISPKDSTKPISEVLSEMTGNNVGYTFEVIGHLETMIDALASCHMNYGT
SVVVGVPPSAKMLTYDPMLLFTGRTWKGCVFGGLKSRDDVPKLVTEFLAKKFDLDQLITH
VLPFKKISEGFELLNSGQSIRTVLTF
GenBank ID Protein 71743840
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID P40394
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name ADH7_HUMAN
PDB IDs
GenBank Gene ID NM_000673.4
GeneCard ID ADH7
GenAtlas ID ADH7
HGNC ID HGNC:256
References
General References
  1. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21. [PubMed:14702039 ]
  2. Hillier LW, Graves TA, Fulton RS, Fulton LA, Pepin KH, Minx P, Wagner-McPherson C, Layman D, Wylie K, Sekhon M, Becker MC, Fewell GA, Delehaunty KD, Miner TL, Nash WE, Kremitzki C, Oddy L, Du H, Sun H, Bradshaw-Cordum H, Ali J, Carter J, Cordes M, Harris A, Isak A, van Brunt A, Nguyen C, Du F, Courtney L, Kalicki J, Ozersky P, Abbott S, Armstrong J, Belter EA, Caruso L, Cedroni M, Cotton M, Davidson T, Desai A, Elliott G, Erb T, Fronick C, Gaige T, Haakenson W, Haglund K, Holmes A, Harkins R, Kim K, Kruchowski SS, Strong CM, Grewal N, Goyea E, Hou S, Levy A, Martinka S, Mead K, McLellan MD, Meyer R, Randall-Maher J, Tomlinson C, Dauphin-Kohlberg S, Kozlowicz-Reilly A, Shah N, Swearengen-Shahid S, Snider J, Strong JT, Thompson J, Yoakum M, Leonard S, Pearman C, Trani L, Radionenko M, Waligorski JE, Wang C, Rock SM, Tin-Wollam AM, Maupin R, Latreille P, Wendl MC, Yang SP, Pohl C, Wallis JW, Spieth J, Bieri TA, Berkowicz N, Nelson JO, Osborne J, Ding L, Meyer R, Sabo A, Shotland Y, Sinha P, Wohldmann PE, Cook LL, Hickenbotham MT, Eldred J, Williams D, Jones TA, She X, Ciccarelli FD, Izaurralde E, Taylor J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Cox DR, Huang X, McPherson JD, Mardis ER, Clifton SW, Warren WC, Chinwalla AT, Eddy SR, Marra MA, Ovcharenko I, Furey TS, Miller W, Eichler EE, Bork P, Suyama M, Torrents D, Waterston RH, Wilson RK: Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4. Nature. 2005 Apr 7;434(7034):724-31. [PubMed:15815621 ]
  3. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed:15489334 ]
  4. Farres J, Moreno A, Crosas B, Peralba JM, Allali-Hassani A, Hjelmqvist L, Jornvall H, Pares X: Alcohol dehydrogenase of class IV (sigma sigma-ADH) from human stomach. cDNA sequence and structure/function relationships. Eur J Biochem. 1994 Sep 1;224(2):549-57. [PubMed:7925371 ]
  5. Satre MA, Zgombic-Knight M, Duester G: The complete structure of human class IV alcohol dehydrogenase (retinol dehydrogenase) determined from the ADH7 gene. J Biol Chem. 1994 Jun 3;269(22):15606-12. [PubMed:8195208 ]
  6. Zgombic-Knight M, Foglio MH, Duester G: Genomic structure and expression of the ADH7 gene encoding human class IV alcohol dehydrogenase, the form most efficient for retinol metabolism in vitro. J Biol Chem. 1995 Mar 3;270(9):4305-11. [PubMed:7876191 ]
  7. Yokoyama S, Matsuo Y, Ramsbotham R, Yokoyama R: Molecular characterization of a class IV human alcohol dehydrogenase gene (ADH7). FEBS Lett. 1994 Sep 12;351(3):411-5. [PubMed:8082805 ]
  8. Kedishvili NY, Bosron WF, Stone CL, Hurley TD, Peggs CF, Thomasson HR, Popov KM, Carr LG, Edenberg HJ, Li TK: Expression and kinetic characterization of recombinant human stomach alcohol dehydrogenase. Active-site amino acid sequence explains substrate specificity compared with liver isozymes. J Biol Chem. 1995 Feb 24;270(8):3625-30. [PubMed:7876099 ]
  9. Yokoyama H, Baraona E, Lieber CS: Molecular cloning and chromosomal localization of the ADH7 gene encoding human class IV (sigma) ADH. Genomics. 1996 Jan 15;31(2):243-5. [PubMed:8824810 ]
  10. Pares X, Cederlund E, Moreno A, Saubi N, Hoog JO, Jornvall H: Class IV alcohol dehydrogenase (the gastric enzyme). Structural analysis of human sigma sigma-ADH reveals class IV to be variable and confirms the presence of a fifth mammalian alcohol dehydrogenase class. FEBS Lett. 1992 May 25;303(1):69-72. [PubMed:1592118 ]
  11. Cheung B, Anderson JK, Holmes RS, Beacham IR: Human stomach class IV alcohol dehydrogenase: molecular genetic analysis. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1995 Feb;19(1):185-6. [PubMed:7771649 ]
  12. Xie P, Parsons SH, Speckhard DC, Bosron WF, Hurley TD: X-ray structure of human class IV sigmasigma alcohol dehydrogenase. Structural basis for substrate specificity. J Biol Chem. 1997 Jul 25;272(30):18558-63. [PubMed:9228021 ]
  13. Xie PT, Hurley TD: Methionine-141 directly influences the binding of 4-methylpyrazole in human sigma sigma alcohol dehydrogenase. Protein Sci. 1999 Dec;8(12):2639-44. [PubMed:10631979 ]
  14. Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, Derge JG, Klausner RD, Collins FS, Wagner L, Shenmen CM, Schuler GD, Altschul SF, Zeeberg B, Buetow KH, Schaefer CF, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Jordan H, Moore T, Max SI, Wang J, Hsieh F, Diatchenko L, Marusina K, Farmer AA, Rubin GM, Hong L, Stapleton M, Soares MB, Bonaldo MF, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brownstein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Prange C, Raha SS, Loquellano NA, Peters GJ, Abramson RD, Mullahy SJ, Bosak SA, McEwan PJ, McKernan KJ, Malek JA, Gunaratne PH, Richards S, Worley KC, Hale S, Garcia AM, Gay LJ, Hulyk SW, Villalon DK, Muzny DM, Sodergren EJ, Lu X, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madan A, Young AC, Shevchenko Y, Bouffard GG, Blakesley RW, Touchman JW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Krzywinski MI, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Marra MA: Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Dec 24;99(26):16899-903. Epub 2002 Dec 11. [PubMed:12477932 ]