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Showing Protein Bile acid-CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase (HMDBP00549)

IdentificationBiological propertiesGene propertiesProtein propertiesExternal linksReferencesXMLShow 61 metabolites
Identification
HMDB Protein ID HMDBP00549
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • 5821
  • HMDBP03613
Name Bile acid-CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase
Synonyms
  1. BACAT
  2. BAT
  3. Glycine N-choloyltransferase
  4. Long-chain fatty-acyl-CoA hydrolase
Gene Name BAAT
Protein Type Enzyme
Biological Properties
General Function Involved in thiolester hydrolase activity
Specific Function Involved in bile acid metabolism. In liver hepatocytes catalyzes the second step in the conjugation of C24 bile acids (choloneates) to glycine and taurine before excretion into bile canaliculi. The major components of bile are cholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid. In a first step the bile acids are converted to an acyl-CoA thioester, either in peroxisomes (primary bile acids deriving from the cholesterol pathway), or cytoplasmic at the endoplasmic reticulum (secondary bile acids). May catalyze the conjugation of primary or secondary bile acids, or both. The conjugation increases the detergent properties of bile acids in the intestine, which facilitates lipid and fat-soluble vitamin absorption. In turn, bile acids are deconjugated by bacteria in the intestine and are recycled back to the liver for reconjugation (secondary bile acids). May also act as an acyl-CoA thioesterase that regulates intracellular levels of free fatty acids. In vitro, catalyzes the hydrolysis of long- and very long-chain saturated acyl-CoAs to the free fatty acid and coenzyme A (CoASH), and conjugates glycine to these acyl-CoAs.
Pathways
  • 27-Hydroxylase Deficiency
  • Bile secretion
  • Biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids
  • Cerebrotendinous Xanthomatosis (CTX)
  • Congenital Bile Acid Synthesis Defect Type II
  • Congenital Bile Acid Synthesis Defect Type III
  • Familial Hypercholanemia (FHCA)
  • Peroxisome
  • Primary bile acid biosynthesis
  • Primary bile acid biosynthesis
  • Taurine and hypotaurine metabolism
  • Zellweger Syndrome
Reactions
Choloyl-CoA + Glycine → Coenzyme A + Glycocholic acid details
Palmityl-CoA + Water → Coenzyme A + Palmitic acid details
Choloyl-CoA + Taurine → Coenzyme A + Taurocholic acid details
Chenodeoxycholoyl-CoA + Glycine → Chenodeoxycholic acid glycine conjugate + Coenzyme A details
Chenodeoxycholoyl-CoA + Taurine → Taurochenodesoxycholic acid + Coenzyme A details
GO Classification
Biological Process
bile acid biosynthetic process
acyl-CoA metabolic process
organ regeneration
bile acid conjugation
glycine metabolic process
taurine metabolic process
fatty acid metabolic process
liver development
bile acid and bile salt transport
Cellular Component
cytosol
peroxisomal matrix
Function
coa hydrolase activity
hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds
acyl-coa thioesterase activity
palmitoyl-coa hydrolase activity
catalytic activity
hydrolase activity
thiolester hydrolase activity
Molecular Function
glycine N-choloyltransferase activity
N-acyltransferase activity
very long chain acyl-CoA hydrolase activity
carboxylesterase activity
palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase activity
medium-chain acyl-CoA hydrolase activity
Process
acyl-coa metabolic process
metabolic process
primary metabolic process
cellular metabolic process
lipid metabolic process
cofactor metabolic process
coenzyme metabolic process
Cellular Location
  1. Cytoplasm
Gene Properties
Chromosome Location 9
Locus 9q22.3
SNPs BAAT
Gene Sequence 
>1257 bp
ATGATCCAGTTGACAGCTACCCCTGTGAGTGCACTTGTTGATGAGCCAGTGCATATCCGA
GCTACAGGCCTGATTCCCTTTCAGATGGTGAGTTTTCAGGCATCACTGGAAGATGAAAAC
GGAGACATGTTTTATTCTCAAGCCCACTATAGGGCCAATGAATTCGGTGAGGTGGACCTG
AATCATGCTTCTTCACTTGGAGGGGATTATATGGGAGTCCACCCCATGGGTCTCTTCTGG
TCTCTGAAACCTGAAAAGCTATTAACAAGACTGTTGAAAAGAGATGTGATGAATAGGCCT
TTCCAGGTCCAAGTAAAACTTTATGACTTAGAGTTAATAGTGAACAATAAAGTTGCCAGT
GCTCCAAAGGCCAGCCTGACTTTGGAGAGGTGGTATGTGGCACCTGGTGTCACACGAATT
AAGGTTCGAGAAGGCCGCCTTCGAGGAGCTCTCTTTCTCCCTCCAGGAGAGGGTCTCTTC
CCAGGGGTAATTGATTTGTTTGGTGGTTTGGGTGGGCTGCTTGAATTTCGGGCCAGCCTC
CTAGCCAGTCGTGGCTTCGCCTCCTTGGCCTTGGCTTACCATAACTATGAAGACCTGCCC
CGCAAACCAGAAGTAACAGATTTGGAATATTTTGAGGAGGCTGCCAACTTTCTCCTGAGA
CATCCAAAGGTCTTTGGCTCAGGCGTTGGGGTAGTCTCTGTATGTCAAGGAGTACAGATT
GGACTATCTATGGCTATTTACCTAAAGCAAGTCACAGCCACGGTACTTATTAATGGGACC
AACTTTCCTTTTGGCATTCCACAGGTATATCATGGTCAGATCCATCAGCCCCTTCCCCAT
TCTGCACAATTAATATCCACCAATGCCTTGGGGTTACTAGAGCTCTATCGCACTTTTGAG
ACAACTCAAGTTGGGGCCAGTCAATATTTGTTTCCTATTGAAGAGGCCCAGGGGCAATTC
CTCTTCATTGTAGGAGAAGGTGATAAGACTATCAACAGCAAAGCACACGCTGAACAAGCC
ATAGGACAGCTGAAGAGACATGGGAAGAACAACTGGACCCTGCTATCTTACCCTGGGGCA
GGCCACCTGATAGAACCTCCCTATTCTCCTCTGTGCTGTGCCTCAACGACCCACGATTTG
AGGTTACACTGGGGAGGAGAGGTGATCCCACACGCAGCTGCACAGGAACATGCTTGGAAG
GAGATCCAGAGATTTCTCAGGAAGCACCTCATTCCAGATGTGACCAGTCAACTCTAA
Protein Properties
Number of Residues 418
Molecular Weight 46298.865
Theoretical pI 6.996
Pfam Domain Function
Signals Not Available
Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Protein Sequence 
>Bile acid-CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase
MIQLTATPVSALVDEPVHIRATGLIPFQMVSFQASLEDENGDMFYSQAHYRANEFGEVDL
NHASSLGGDYMGVHPMGLFWSLKPEKLLTRLLKRDVMNRPFQVQVKLYDLELIVNNKVAS
APKASLTLERWYVAPGVTRIKVREGRLRGALFLPPGEGLFPGVIDLFGGLGGLLEFRASL
LASRGFASLALAYHNYEDLPRKPEVTDLEYFEEAANFLLRHPKVFGSGVGVVSVCQGVQI
GLSMAIYLKQVTATVLINGTNFPFGIPQVYHGQIHQPLPHSAQLISTNALGLLELYRTFE
TTQVGASQYLFPIEEAQGQFLFIVGEGDKTINSKAHAEQAIGQLKRHGKNNWTLLSYPGA
GHLIEPPYSPLCCASTTHDLRLHWGGEVIPHAAAQEHAWKEIQRFLRKHLIPDVTSQL
GenBank ID Protein Not Available
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID Q14032
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name BAAT_HUMAN
PDB IDs Not Available
GenBank Gene ID L34081
GeneCard ID BAAT
GenAtlas ID BAAT
HGNC ID HGNC:932
References
General References
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  3. Falany CN, Johnson MR, Barnes S, Diasio RB: Glycine and taurine conjugation of bile acids by a single enzyme. Molecular cloning and expression of human liver bile acid CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase. J Biol Chem. 1994 Jul 29;269(30):19375-9. [PubMed:8034703 ]
  4. Johnson MR, Barnes S, Kwakye JB, Diasio RB: Purification and characterization of bile acid-CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase from human liver. J Biol Chem. 1991 Jun 5;266(16):10227-33. [PubMed:2037576 ]
  5. Sfakianos MK, Wilson L, Sakalian M, Falany CN, Barnes S: Conserved residues in the putative catalytic triad of human bile acid Coenzyme A:amino acid N-acyltransferase. J Biol Chem. 2002 Dec 6;277(49):47270-5. Epub 2002 Sep 17. [PubMed:12239217 ]
  6. O'Byrne J, Hunt MC, Rai DK, Saeki M, Alexson SE: The human bile acid-CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase functions in the conjugation of fatty acids to glycine. J Biol Chem. 2003 Sep 5;278(36):34237-44. Epub 2003 Jun 16. [PubMed:12810727 ]
  7. Carlton VE, Harris BZ, Puffenberger EG, Batta AK, Knisely AS, Robinson DL, Strauss KA, Shneider BL, Lim WA, Salen G, Morton DH, Bull LN: Complex inheritance of familial hypercholanemia with associated mutations in TJP2 and BAAT. Nat Genet. 2003 May;34(1):91-6. [PubMed:12704386 ]