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Showing Protein Succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] cytochrome b small subunit, mitochondrial (HMDBP00179)

IdentificationBiological propertiesGene propertiesProtein propertiesExternal linksReferencesXMLShow 10 metabolites
Identification
HMDB Protein ID HMDBP00179
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • 5411
Name Succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] cytochrome b small subunit, mitochondrial
Synonyms
  1. CII-4
  2. CybS
  3. QPs3
  4. Succinate dehydrogenase complex subunit D
  5. Succinate-ubiquinone oxidoreductase cytochrome b small subunit
  6. Succinate-ubiquinone reductase membrane anchor subunit
Gene Name SDHD
Protein Type Unknown
Biological Properties
General Function Involved in iron ion binding
Specific Function Membrane-anchoring subunit of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) that is involved in complex II of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and is responsible for transferring electrons from succinate to ubiquinone (coenzyme Q) (By similarity).
Pathways
  • 2-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex deficiency
  • Alzheimer disease
  • Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
  • Citric Acid Cycle
  • Congenital lactic acidosis
  • Fumarase deficiency
  • Glutaminolysis and Cancer
  • Huntington disease
  • Mitochondrial complex II deficiency
  • Oxidative phosphorylation
  • Oxidative phosphorylation
  • Parkinson disease
  • Pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency (E2)
  • Pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency (E3)
  • The oncogenic action of 2-hydroxyglutarate
  • The oncogenic action of D-2-hydroxyglutarate in Hydroxygluaricaciduria
  • The Oncogenic Action of Fumarate
  • The oncogenic action of L-2-hydroxyglutarate in Hydroxygluaricaciduria
  • The Oncogenic Action of Succinate
  • tricarboxylic acid cycle
  • Warburg Effect
Reactions
Ubiquinone-2 + Succinic acid → QH2 + Fumaric acid details
GO Classification
Biological Process
small molecule metabolic process
tricarboxylic acid cycle
mitochondrial electron transport, succinate to ubiquinone
respiratory electron transport chain
Cellular Component
mitochondrial respiratory chain complex II
integral to membrane
Component
cell part
membrane part
intrinsic to membrane
integral to membrane
envelope
organelle envelope
mitochondrial envelope
Function
ion binding
cation binding
metal ion binding
binding
transition metal ion binding
iron ion binding
heme binding
Molecular Function
electron carrier activity
iron ion binding
heme binding
succinate dehydrogenase activity
ubiquinone binding
Process
metabolic process
cellular metabolic process
cofactor metabolic process
coenzyme metabolic process
acetyl-coa metabolic process
acetyl-coa catabolic process
tricarboxylic acid cycle
Cellular Location
  1. Mitochondrion inner membrane
  2. Multi-pass membrane protein
Gene Properties
Chromosome Location 11
Locus 11q23
SNPs SDHD
Gene Sequence 
>480 bp
ATGGCGGTTCTCTGGAGGCTGAGTGCCGTTTGCGGTGCCCTAGGAGGCCGAGCTCTGTTG
CTTCGAACTCCAGTGGTCAGACCTGCTCATATCTCAGCATTTCTTCAGGACCGACCTATC
CCAGAATGGTGTGGAGTGCAGCACATACACTTGTCACCGAGCCACCATTCTGGCTCCAAG
GCTGCATCTCTCCACTGGACTAGCGAGAGGGTTGTCAGTGTTTTGCTCCTGGGTCTGCTT
CCGGCTGCTTATTTGAATCCTTGCTCTGCGATGGACTATTCCCTGGCTGCAGCCCTCACT
CTTCATGGTCACTGGGGCCTTGGACAAGTTGTTACTGACTATGTTCATGGGGATGCCTTG
CAGAAAGCTGCCAAGGCAGGGCTTTTGGCACTTTCAGCTTTAACCTTTGCTGGGCTTTGC
TATTTCAACTATCACGATGTGGGCATCTGCAAAGCTGTTGCCATGCTGTGGAAGCTCTGA
Protein Properties
Number of Residues 159
Molecular Weight 17042.82
Theoretical pI 8.625
Pfam Domain Function
Signals Not Available
Transmembrane Regions Not Available
Protein Sequence 
>Succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] cytochrome b small subunit, mitochondrial
MAVLWRLSAVCGALGGRALLLRTPVVRPAHISAFLQDRPIPEWCGVQHIHLSPSHHSGSK
AASLHWTSERVVSVLLLGLLPAAYLNPCSAMDYSLAAALTLHGHWGLGQVVTDYVHGDAL
QKAAKAGLLALSALTFAGLCYFNYHDVGICKAVAMLWKL
GenBank ID Protein Not Available
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot ID O14521
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Entry Name DHSD_HUMAN
PDB IDs Not Available
GenBank Gene ID AB006202
GeneCard ID SDHD
GenAtlas ID SDHD
HGNC ID HGNC:10683
References
General References
  1. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7. [PubMed:15489334 ]
  2. Taylor TD, Noguchi H, Totoki Y, Toyoda A, Kuroki Y, Dewar K, Lloyd C, Itoh T, Takeda T, Kim DW, She X, Barlow KF, Bloom T, Bruford E, Chang JL, Cuomo CA, Eichler E, FitzGerald MG, Jaffe DB, LaButti K, Nicol R, Park HS, Seaman C, Sougnez C, Yang X, Zimmer AR, Zody MC, Birren BW, Nusbaum C, Fujiyama A, Hattori M, Rogers J, Lander ES, Sakaki Y: Human chromosome 11 DNA sequence and analysis including novel gene identification. Nature. 2006 Mar 23;440(7083):497-500. [PubMed:16554811 ]
  3. Ley TJ, Mardis ER, Ding L, Fulton B, McLellan MD, Chen K, Dooling D, Dunford-Shore BH, McGrath S, Hickenbotham M, Cook L, Abbott R, Larson DE, Koboldt DC, Pohl C, Smith S, Hawkins A, Abbott S, Locke D, Hillier LW, Miner T, Fulton L, Magrini V, Wylie T, Glasscock J, Conyers J, Sander N, Shi X, Osborne JR, Minx P, Gordon D, Chinwalla A, Zhao Y, Ries RE, Payton JE, Westervelt P, Tomasson MH, Watson M, Baty J, Ivanovich J, Heath S, Shannon WD, Nagarajan R, Walter MJ, Link DC, Graubert TA, DiPersio JF, Wilson RK: DNA sequencing of a cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukaemia genome. Nature. 2008 Nov 6;456(7218):66-72. doi: 10.1038/nature07485. [PubMed:18987736 ]
  4. Hirawake H, Taniwaki M, Tamura A, Kojima S, Kita K: Cytochrome b in human complex II (succinate-ubiquinone oxidoreductase): cDNA cloning of the components in liver mitochondria and chromosome assignment of the genes for the large (SDHC) and small (SDHD) subunits to 1q21 and 11q23. Cytogenet Cell Genet. 1997;79(1-2):132-8. [PubMed:9533030 ]
  5. McWhinney SR, Pasini B, Stratakis CA: Familial gastrointestinal stromal tumors and germ-line mutations. N Engl J Med. 2007 Sep 6;357(10):1054-6. [PubMed:17804857 ]
  6. Hirawake H, Taniwaki M, Tamura A, Amino H, Tomitsuka E, Kita K: Characterization of the human SDHD gene encoding the small subunit of cytochrome b (cybS) in mitochondrial succinate-ubiquinone oxidoreductase. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1999 Aug 4;1412(3):295-300. [PubMed:10482792 ]
  7. Otsuki T, Ota T, Nishikawa T, Hayashi K, Suzuki Y, Yamamoto J, Wakamatsu A, Kimura K, Sakamoto K, Hatano N, Kawai Y, Ishii S, Saito K, Kojima S, Sugiyama T, Ono T, Okano K, Yoshikawa Y, Aotsuka S, Sasaki N, Hattori A, Okumura K, Nagai K, Sugano S, Isogai T: Signal sequence and keyword trap in silico for selection of full-length human cDNAs encoding secretion or membrane proteins from oligo-capped cDNA libraries. DNA Res. 2005;12(2):117-26. [PubMed:16303743 ]
  8. Gimm O, Armanios M, Dziema H, Neumann HP, Eng C: Somatic and occult germ-line mutations in SDHD, a mitochondrial complex II gene, in nonfamilial pheochromocytoma. Cancer Res. 2000 Dec 15;60(24):6822-5. [PubMed:11156372 ]
  9. Baysal BE, Ferrell RE, Willett-Brozick JE, Lawrence EC, Myssiorek D, Bosch A, van der Mey A, Taschner PE, Rubinstein WS, Myers EN, Richard CW 3rd, Cornelisse CJ, Devilee P, Devlin B: Mutations in SDHD, a mitochondrial complex II gene, in hereditary paraganglioma. Science. 2000 Feb 4;287(5454):848-51. [PubMed:10657297 ]
  10. Milunsky JM, Maher TA, Michels VV, Milunsky A: Novel mutations and the emergence of a common mutation in the SDHD gene causing familial paraganglioma. Am J Med Genet. 2001 May 15;100(4):311-4. [PubMed:11343322 ]
  11. Badenhop RF, Cherian S, Lord RS, Baysal BE, Taschner PE, Schofield PR: Novel mutations in the SDHD gene in pedigrees with familial carotid body paraganglioma and sensorineural hearing loss. Genes Chromosomes Cancer. 2001 Jul;31(3):255-63. [PubMed:11391796 ]
  12. Taschner PE, Jansen JC, Baysal BE, Bosch A, Rosenberg EH, Brocker-Vriends AH, van Der Mey AG, van Ommen GJ, Cornelisse CJ, Devilee P: Nearly all hereditary paragangliomas in the Netherlands are caused by two founder mutations in the SDHD gene. Genes Chromosomes Cancer. 2001 Jul;31(3):274-81. [PubMed:11391798 ]
  13. Masuoka J, Brandner S, Paulus W, Soffer D, Vital A, Chimelli L, Jouvet A, Yonekawa Y, Kleihues P, Ohgaki H: Germline SDHD mutation in paraganglioma of the spinal cord. Oncogene. 2001 Aug 16;20(36):5084-6. [PubMed:11526495 ]
  14. Kytola S, Nord B, Elder EE, Carling T, Kjellman M, Cedermark B, Juhlin C, Hoog A, Isola J, Larsson C: Alterations of the SDHD gene locus in midgut carcinoids, Merkel cell carcinomas, pheochromocytomas, and abdominal paragangliomas. Genes Chromosomes Cancer. 2002 Jul;34(3):325-32. [PubMed:12007193 ]
  15. Gimenez-Roqueplo AP, Favier J, Rustin P, Rieubland C, Crespin M, Nau V, Khau Van Kien P, Corvol P, Plouin PF, Jeunemaitre X: Mutations in the SDHB gene are associated with extra-adrenal and/or malignant phaeochromocytomas. Cancer Res. 2003 Sep 1;63(17):5615-21. [PubMed:14500403 ]
  16. Neumann HP, Bausch B, McWhinney SR, Bender BU, Gimm O, Franke G, Schipper J, Klisch J, Altehoefer C, Zerres K, Januszewicz A, Eng C, Smith WM, Munk R, Manz T, Glaesker S, Apel TW, Treier M, Reineke M, Walz MK, Hoang-Vu C, Brauckhoff M, Klein-Franke A, Klose P, Schmidt H, Maier-Woelfle M, Peczkowska M, Szmigielski C, Eng C: Germ-line mutations in nonsyndromic pheochromocytoma. N Engl J Med. 2002 May 9;346(19):1459-66. [PubMed:12000816 ]
  17. Cascon A, Ruiz-Llorente S, Cebrian A, Leton R, Telleria D, Benitez J, Robledo M: G12S and H50R variations are polymorphisms in the SDHD gene. Genes Chromosomes Cancer. 2003 Jun;37(2):220-1. [PubMed:12696072 ]
  18. Neumann HP, Pawlu C, Peczkowska M, Bausch B, McWhinney SR, Muresan M, Buchta M, Franke G, Klisch J, Bley TA, Hoegerle S, Boedeker CC, Opocher G, Schipper J, Januszewicz A, Eng C: Distinct clinical features of paraganglioma syndromes associated with SDHB and SDHD gene mutations. JAMA. 2004 Aug 25;292(8):943-51. [PubMed:15328326 ]
  19. Leube B, Huber R, Goecke TO, Sandmann W, Royer-Pokora B: SDHD mutation analysis in seven German patients with sporadic carotid body paraganglioma: one novel mutation, no Dutch founder mutation and further evidence that G12S is a polymorphism. Clin Genet. 2004 Jan;65(1):61-3. [PubMed:15032977 ]
  20. Ni Y, Zbuk KM, Sadler T, Patocs A, Lobo G, Edelman E, Platzer P, Orloff MS, Waite KA, Eng C: Germline mutations and variants in the succinate dehydrogenase genes in Cowden and Cowden-like syndromes. Am J Hum Genet. 2008 Aug;83(2):261-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2008.07.011. [PubMed:18678321 ]