Record Information |
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Version | 5.0 |
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Status | Expected but not Quantified |
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Creation Date | 2012-09-06 15:16:49 UTC |
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Update Date | 2022-03-07 02:51:39 UTC |
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HMDB ID | HMDB0014552 |
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Secondary Accession Numbers | |
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Metabolite Identification |
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Common Name | Loxapine |
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Description | Loxapine, also known as cloxazepine or loxapinum, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as dibenzoxazepines. Dibenzoxazepines are compounds containing a dibenzoxazepine moiety, which consists of two benzene connected by an oxazepine ring. Several researchers have argued that loxapine may behave as an atypical antipsychotic. Loxapine is a drug which is used for the management of the manifestations of psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia. Loxapine is a very strong basic compound (based on its pKa). Loxapine is a potentially toxic compound. Loxapine (several trade names worldwide) is a typical antipsychotic medication used primarily in the treatment of schizophrenia. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved loxapine inhalation powder for the acute treatment of agitation associated with schizophrenia or bipolar I disorder in adults. A brief review of loxapine found no conclusive evidence that it was particularly effective in patients with paranoid schizophrenia. At lower dosages its propensity for causing extrapyramidal side effects appears to be similar to that of atypical antipsychoticsBlurred visionUrinary retentionSomnolence (which appears to be moderate in severity compared to other antipsychotic drugs)DyspnoeaNasal congestionRare side effects includeParalytic ileusAgranulocytosisLeukopeniaThrombocytopeniaHepatocellular liver damageNeuroleptic malignant syndromeSeizureTardive dyskinesiaStrokeTransient ischaemic attackDeathThe data in the table to the right was obtained from the PDSP Ki database and they are for binding towards human cloned proteins (receptor and transporter) unless otherwise specified. Loxapine may be metabolized by N-demethylation to amoxapine, a tricyclic antidepressant. This drug is unrelated to the habit-forming benzodiazepines, and misuse is rare. Note: Percentages given after possible adverse effects refer to the incidence of said adverse effects, according to DrugPoint. |
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Structure | CN1CCN(CC1)C1=NC2=CC=CC=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C=C2 InChI=1S/C18H18ClN3O/c1-21-8-10-22(11-9-21)18-14-12-13(19)6-7-16(14)23-17-5-3-2-4-15(17)20-18/h2-7,12H,8-11H2,1H3 |
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Synonyms | Value | Source |
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2-Chloro-11-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)dibenz[b,F][1,4]oxazepine | ChEBI | Cloxazepine | ChEBI | Loxapina | ChEBI | Loxapinum | ChEBI | Oxilapine | ChEBI | Adasuve | Kegg | Loxapine hydrochloride | HMDB | Loxapine succinate | HMDB | Loxipine maleate | HMDB | Loxapine monohydrochloride | HMDB | Loxapinsuccinate | HMDB | Succinate, loxapine | HMDB | Hydrochloride, loxapine | HMDB | Loxipine succinate | HMDB | Loxitane | HMDB | 2-Chloro-11-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-dibenz(b,F)(1,4)oxazepine | HMDB | Maleate, loxipine | HMDB |
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Chemical Formula | C18H18ClN3O |
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Average Molecular Weight | 327.808 |
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Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 327.11383992 |
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IUPAC Name | 13-chloro-10-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-oxa-9-azatricyclo[9.4.0.0³,⁸]pentadeca-1(11),3,5,7,9,12,14-heptaene |
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Traditional Name | loxapine |
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CAS Registry Number | 1977-10-2 |
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SMILES | CN1CCN(CC1)C1=NC2=CC=CC=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C=C2 |
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InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C18H18ClN3O/c1-21-8-10-22(11-9-21)18-14-12-13(19)6-7-16(14)23-17-5-3-2-4-15(17)20-18/h2-7,12H,8-11H2,1H3 |
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InChI Key | XJGVXQDUIWGIRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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Chemical Taxonomy |
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Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as dibenzoxazepines. Dibenzoxazepines are compounds containing a dibenzoxazepine moiety, which consists of two benzene connected by an oxazepine ring. |
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Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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Super Class | Organoheterocyclic compounds |
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Class | Benzoxazepines |
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Sub Class | Dibenzoxazepines |
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Direct Parent | Dibenzoxazepines |
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Alternative Parents | |
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Substituents | - Dibenzoxazepine
- Diaryl ether
- N-methylpiperazine
- N-alkylpiperazine
- Aryl chloride
- Aryl halide
- 1,4-diazinane
- Piperazine
- Benzenoid
- Imidolactam
- Tertiary amine
- Tertiary aliphatic amine
- Oxacycle
- Azacycle
- Carboxylic acid amidine
- Organic 1,3-dipolar compound
- Propargyl-type 1,3-dipolar organic compound
- Ether
- Amidine
- Amine
- Organic oxygen compound
- Organohalogen compound
- Organochloride
- Organonitrogen compound
- Organooxygen compound
- Organic nitrogen compound
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Organopnictogen compound
- Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound
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Molecular Framework | Aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds |
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External Descriptors | |
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Ontology |
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Physiological effect | Not Available |
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Disposition | |
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Process | Not Available |
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Role | |
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Physical Properties |
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State | Solid |
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Experimental Molecular Properties | Property | Value | Reference |
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Melting Point | 109 - 110 °C | Not Available | Boiling Point | Not Available | Not Available | Water Solubility | 0.1 g/L | Not Available | LogP | 3.6 | Not Available |
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Experimental Chromatographic Properties | Experimental Collision Cross Sections |
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Predicted Molecular Properties | |
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Predicted Chromatographic Properties | Predicted Collision Cross SectionsPredicted Kovats Retention IndicesUnderivatized |
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| GC-MS SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Loxapine GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-06r5-8094000000-3f11548f145e2cd0d2a5 | 2017-09-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Loxapine GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | MS | Mass Spectrum (Electron Ionization) | splash10-0a4l-7590000000-118f30ca0699bf2b3d2e | 2014-09-20 | Not Available | View Spectrum |
MS/MS SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Loxapine LC-ESI-qTof , Positive-QTOF | splash10-00ai-0149000000-d463f8ddf4248264d132 | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Loxapine LC-ESI-qTof , Positive-QTOF | splash10-01r6-0930000000-4798aec046d747300d80 | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Loxapine , positive-QTOF | splash10-00ai-0149000000-d463f8ddf4248264d132 | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Loxapine , positive-QTOF | splash10-01r6-0930000000-4798aec046d747300d80 | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Loxapine 35V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-00di-0092000000-d36334adec23dfc827b7 | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Loxapine 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-004i-0009000000-13c7c5980fa375485ea6 | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Loxapine 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-004i-0029000000-ee11b761132aadb447f8 | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Loxapine 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0596-9250000000-cdb8e78cf5fd1fd059b9 | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Loxapine 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-004i-0009000000-71d4c9395b89ad9fc22a | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Loxapine 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-004i-0039000000-ca6576c997e0e1af0ab2 | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Loxapine 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-006y-3491000000-40caba03e0caacbf4b76 | 2016-08-03 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Loxapine 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-004i-0009000000-1f57d14978e5410155ca | 2021-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Loxapine 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-004i-0019000000-171a44896a8b8aa67151 | 2021-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Loxapine 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-00di-0090000000-8f9b474f4d539ce49d69 | 2021-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Loxapine 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-004i-0009000000-f859e2aff8bfc6f7a27b | 2021-09-23 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Loxapine 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-004i-0039000000-568c941d47f67e7c6c41 | 2021-09-23 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Loxapine 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-001i-5091000000-1f13f155778e72cff118 | 2021-09-23 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
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