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Record Information

Version

5.0

Status

Detected and Quantified

Creation Date

2008-09-11 00:41:42 UTC

Update Date

2022-03-07 02:49:34 UTC

HMDB ID

HMDB0006940

Secondary Accession Numbers

HMDB06940

Metabolite Identification

Common Name

9(S)-HPODE

Description

9(S)-HPODE belongs to the class of organic compounds known as lineolic acids and derivatives. These are derivatives of lineolic acid. Lineolic acid is a polyunsaturated omega-6 18 carbon long fatty acid, with two CC double bonds at the 9- and 12-positions. 9(S)-HPODE is an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa).

Structure

MOL 3D MOL SDF 3D SDF PDB 3D PDB SMILES InChI

HMDB0006940
     RDKit          3D
9(S)-HPODE
 54 53  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0999 V2000
   -5.4129   -0.3141   -1.5302 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -5.1801    0.4812   -0.2365 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -5.7426   -0.3725    0.8717 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -5.6309    0.1970    2.2321 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -4.2484    0.4633    2.7460 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -3.4116   -0.7409    2.8198 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.2763   -0.8472    2.1698 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.7164    0.1851    1.3191 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.5480   -0.0099    0.6888 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.0633    1.0238   -0.1944 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.2673    0.3642   -1.5584 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.1618   -0.8243   -1.5003 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.5677   -0.4748   -0.9801 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.1923    0.5125   -1.8696 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    4.4876    1.0951   -1.5214 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    5.6923    0.2738   -1.3219 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    5.6623   -0.6259   -0.1445 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    6.9661   -1.3852   -0.0185 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    7.8558   -1.1847   -0.8558 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    7.0973   -2.2595    1.0192 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.2227    1.5440    0.3221 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.1364    2.8510    0.4272 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -4.9097    0.1582   -2.3803 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -6.5225   -0.3269   -1.6879 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -5.0294   -1.3367   -1.3626 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -4.1403    0.7655   -0.1311 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -5.8475    1.3800   -0.3493 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -6.8499   -0.4417    0.6485 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -5.3935   -1.4229    0.7859 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -6.1504    1.2010    2.2096 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -6.2081   -0.4077    2.9549 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -3.7974    1.3327    2.2446 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -4.4103    0.8369    3.8133 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -3.7816   -1.5717    3.4570 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.7458   -1.8093    2.3118 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.2006    1.1105    1.1747 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.0849   -0.9668    0.8680 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.6391    1.8601   -0.3843 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.4967    1.0950   -2.3379 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.7563   -0.0381   -1.8223 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.3000   -1.2017   -2.5200 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.7262   -1.6067   -0.8855 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.0984   -1.4701   -1.1875 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.6130   -0.3244    0.0923 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.4983    1.3821   -2.1039 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.2549    0.0104   -2.9039 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    4.3170    1.7654   -0.5902 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    4.7665    1.9144   -2.2790 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    5.7723   -0.3915   -2.2523 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    6.6372    0.9010   -1.3367 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    4.9125   -1.4028   -0.1838 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    5.5354    0.0170    0.7705 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    7.8549   -2.8838    1.1777 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.4780    3.1742    1.3053 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  1  2  1  0
  2  3  1  0
  3  4  1  0
  4  5  1  0
  5  6  1  0
  6  7  2  0
  7  8  1  0
  8  9  2  0
  9 10  1  0
 10 11  1  0
 11 12  1  0
 12 13  1  0
 13 14  1  0
 14 15  1  0
 15 16  1  0
 16 17  1  0
 17 18  1  0
 18 19  2  0
 18 20  1  0
 10 21  1  0
 21 22  1  0
  1 23  1  0
  1 24  1  0
  1 25  1  0
  2 26  1  0
  2 27  1  0
  3 28  1  0
  3 29  1  0
  4 30  1  0
  4 31  1  0
  5 32  1  0
  5 33  1  0
  6 34  1  0
  7 35  1  0
  8 36  1  0
  9 37  1  0
 10 38  1  0
 11 39  1  0
 11 40  1  0
 12 41  1  0
 12 42  1  0
 13 43  1  0
 13 44  1  0
 14 45  1  0
 14 46  1  0
 15 47  1  0
 15 48  1  0
 16 49  1  0
 16 50  1  0
 17 51  1  0
 17 52  1  0
 20 53  1  0
 22 54  1  0
M  END


  Mrv0541 02231220562D          

 22 21  0  0  0  0            999 V2000
   18.1098   -7.2114    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   17.3953   -6.7989    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   16.6808   -7.2114    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   15.9664   -6.7989    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   15.2519   -7.2114    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   14.5374   -6.7989    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   13.8229   -7.2114    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   13.1084   -6.7989    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   12.3940   -7.2114    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   11.6795   -6.7989    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   10.9650   -7.2114    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   11.6795   -5.9739    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   17.3953   -5.9739    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   16.6808   -5.5614    0.0000 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   18.8242   -6.7989    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   19.5388   -7.2114    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   20.2532   -6.7989    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   20.2532   -5.9739    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   20.9677   -5.5614    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   20.9677   -4.7363    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   21.6822   -4.3238    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   21.6822   -3.4988    0.0000 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  2  1  1  0  0  0  0
  3  2  1  0  0  0  0
  4  3  1  0  0  0  0
  5  4  1  0  0  0  0
  6  5  1  0  0  0  0
  7  6  1  0  0  0  0
  8  7  1  0  0  0  0
  9  8  1  0  0  0  0
 10  9  1  0  0  0  0
 11 10  1  0  0  0  0
 12 10  2  0  0  0  0
 13  2  1  0  0  0  0
 14 13  1  0  0  0  0
 15  1  2  0  0  0  0
 16 15  1  0  0  0  0
 17 16  2  0  0  0  0
 18 17  1  0  0  0  0
 19 18  1  0  0  0  0
 20 19  1  0  0  0  0
 21 20  1  0  0  0  0
 22 21  1  0  0  0  0
M  END
> <DATABASE_ID>
HMDB0006940

> <DATABASE_NAME>
hmdb

> <SMILES>
CCCCC\C=C/C=C/C(CCCCCCCC(O)=O)OO

> <INCHI_IDENTIFIER>
InChI=1S/C18H32O4/c1-2-3-4-5-6-8-11-14-17(22-21)15-12-9-7-10-13-16-18(19)20/h6,8,11,14,17,21H,2-5,7,9-10,12-13,15-16H2,1H3,(H,19,20)/b8-6-,14-11+

> <INCHI_KEY>
JGUNZIWGNMQSBM-ZJHFMPGASA-N

> <FORMULA>
C18H32O4

> <MOLECULAR_WEIGHT>
312.4443

> <EXACT_MASS>
312.230059512

> <JCHEM_ACCEPTOR_COUNT>
4

> <JCHEM_AVERAGE_POLARIZABILITY>
37.48512991923396

> <JCHEM_BIOAVAILABILITY>
0

> <JCHEM_DONOR_COUNT>
2

> <JCHEM_FORMAL_CHARGE>
0

> <JCHEM_GHOSE_FILTER>
0

> <JCHEM_IUPAC>
(10E,12Z)-9-hydroperoxyoctadeca-10,12-dienoic acid

> <ALOGPS_LOGP>
5.74

> <JCHEM_LOGP>
5.640401104666667

> <ALOGPS_LOGS>
-4.92

> <JCHEM_MDDR_LIKE_RULE>
0

> <JCHEM_NUMBER_OF_RINGS>
0

> <JCHEM_PHYSIOLOGICAL_CHARGE>
-1

> <JCHEM_PKA>
11.712374047588172

> <JCHEM_PKA_STRONGEST_ACIDIC>
4.676745143435034

> <JCHEM_PKA_STRONGEST_BASIC>
-4.236807609084804

> <JCHEM_POLAR_SURFACE_AREA>
66.76

> <JCHEM_REFRACTIVITY>
91.3845

> <JCHEM_ROTATABLE_BOND_COUNT>
15

> <JCHEM_RULE_OF_FIVE>
0

> <ALOGPS_SOLUBILITY>
3.73e-03 g/l

> <JCHEM_TRADITIONAL_IUPAC>
9(S)-hpode

> <JCHEM_VEBER_RULE>
0

$$$$

HMDB0006940
     RDKit          3D
9(S)-HPODE
 54 53  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0999 V2000
   -5.4129   -0.3141   -1.5302 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -5.1801    0.4812   -0.2365 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -5.7426   -0.3725    0.8717 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -5.6309    0.1970    2.2321 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -4.2484    0.4633    2.7460 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -3.4116   -0.7409    2.8198 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.2763   -0.8472    2.1698 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.7164    0.1851    1.3191 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.5480   -0.0099    0.6888 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.0633    1.0238   -0.1944 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.2673    0.3642   -1.5584 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.1618   -0.8243   -1.5003 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.5677   -0.4748   -0.9801 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.1923    0.5125   -1.8696 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    4.4876    1.0951   -1.5214 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    5.6923    0.2738   -1.3219 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    5.6623   -0.6259   -0.1445 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    6.9661   -1.3852   -0.0185 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    7.8558   -1.1847   -0.8558 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    7.0973   -2.2595    1.0192 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.2227    1.5440    0.3221 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.1364    2.8510    0.4272 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -4.9097    0.1582   -2.3803 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -6.5225   -0.3269   -1.6879 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -5.0294   -1.3367   -1.3626 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -4.1403    0.7655   -0.1311 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -5.8475    1.3800   -0.3493 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -6.8499   -0.4417    0.6485 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -5.3935   -1.4229    0.7859 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -6.1504    1.2010    2.2096 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -6.2081   -0.4077    2.9549 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -3.7974    1.3327    2.2446 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -4.4103    0.8369    3.8133 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -3.7816   -1.5717    3.4570 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.7458   -1.8093    2.3118 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.2006    1.1105    1.1747 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.0849   -0.9668    0.8680 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.6391    1.8601   -0.3843 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.4967    1.0950   -2.3379 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.7563   -0.0381   -1.8223 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.3000   -1.2017   -2.5200 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.7262   -1.6067   -0.8855 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.0984   -1.4701   -1.1875 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.6130   -0.3244    0.0923 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.4983    1.3821   -2.1039 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.2549    0.0104   -2.9039 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    4.3170    1.7654   -0.5902 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    4.7665    1.9144   -2.2790 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    5.7723   -0.3915   -2.2523 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    6.6372    0.9010   -1.3367 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    4.9125   -1.4028   -0.1838 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    5.5354    0.0170    0.7705 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    7.8549   -2.8838    1.1777 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.4780    3.1742    1.3053 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  1  2  1  0
  2  3  1  0
  3  4  1  0
  4  5  1  0
  5  6  1  0
  6  7  2  0
  7  8  1  0
  8  9  2  0
  9 10  1  0
 10 11  1  0
 11 12  1  0
 12 13  1  0
 13 14  1  0
 14 15  1  0
 15 16  1  0
 16 17  1  0
 17 18  1  0
 18 19  2  0
 18 20  1  0
 10 21  1  0
 21 22  1  0
  1 23  1  0
  1 24  1  0
  1 25  1  0
  2 26  1  0
  2 27  1  0
  3 28  1  0
  3 29  1  0
  4 30  1  0
  4 31  1  0
  5 32  1  0
  5 33  1  0
  6 34  1  0
  7 35  1  0
  8 36  1  0
  9 37  1  0
 10 38  1  0
 11 39  1  0
 11 40  1  0
 12 41  1  0
 12 42  1  0
 13 43  1  0
 13 44  1  0
 14 45  1  0
 14 46  1  0
 15 47  1  0
 15 48  1  0
 16 49  1  0
 16 50  1  0
 17 51  1  0
 17 52  1  0
 20 53  1  0
 22 54  1  0
M  END

HEADER    PROTEIN                                 23-FEB-12   NONE
TITLE     NULL                                                        
COMPND    NULL                                                        
SOURCE    NULL                                                        
KEYWDS    NULL                                                        
EXPDTA    NULL                                                        
AUTHOR    Marvin                                                      
REVDAT   1   23-FEB-12         0                                  
HETATM    1  C   UNK     0      33.805 -13.461   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    2  C   UNK     0      32.471 -12.691   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    3  C   UNK     0      31.137 -13.461   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    4  C   UNK     0      29.804 -12.691   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    5  C   UNK     0      28.470 -13.461   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    6  C   UNK     0      27.136 -12.691   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    7  C   UNK     0      25.803 -13.461   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    8  C   UNK     0      24.469 -12.691   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM    9  C   UNK     0      23.135 -13.461   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM   10  C   UNK     0      21.802 -12.691   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM   11  O   UNK     0      20.468 -13.461   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
HETATM   12  O   UNK     0      21.802 -11.151   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
HETATM   13  O   UNK     0      32.471 -11.151   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
HETATM   14  O   UNK     0      31.137 -10.381   0.000  0.00  0.00           O+0
HETATM   15  C   UNK     0      35.139 -12.691   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM   16  C   UNK     0      36.472 -13.461   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM   17  C   UNK     0      37.806 -12.691   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM   18  C   UNK     0      37.806 -11.151   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM   19  C   UNK     0      39.140 -10.381   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM   20  C   UNK     0      39.140  -8.841   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM   21  C   UNK     0      40.473  -8.071   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
HETATM   22  C   UNK     0      40.473  -6.531   0.000  0.00  0.00           C+0
CONECT    1    2   15                                                       
CONECT    2    1    3   13                                                  
CONECT    3    2    4                                                       
CONECT    4    3    5                                                       
CONECT    5    4    6                                                       
CONECT    6    5    7                                                       
CONECT    7    6    8                                                       
CONECT    8    7    9                                                       
CONECT    9    8   10                                                       
CONECT   10    9   11   12                                                  
CONECT   11   10                                                            
CONECT   12   10                                                            
CONECT   13    2   14                                                       
CONECT   14   13                                                            
CONECT   15    1   16                                                       
CONECT   16   15   17                                                       
CONECT   17   16   18                                                       
CONECT   18   17   19                                                       
CONECT   19   18   20                                                       
CONECT   20   19   21                                                       
CONECT   21   20   22                                                       
CONECT   22   21                                                            
MASTER        0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0   22    0   42    0
END

COMPND    HMDB0006940
HETATM    1  C1  UNL     1      -5.413  -0.314  -1.530  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    2  C2  UNL     1      -5.180   0.481  -0.236  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    3  C3  UNL     1      -5.743  -0.372   0.872  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    4  C4  UNL     1      -5.631   0.197   2.232  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    5  C5  UNL     1      -4.248   0.463   2.746  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    6  C6  UNL     1      -3.412  -0.741   2.820  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    7  C7  UNL     1      -2.276  -0.847   2.170  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    8  C8  UNL     1      -1.716   0.185   1.319  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM    9  C9  UNL     1      -0.548  -0.010   0.689  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM   10  C10 UNL     1       0.063   1.024  -0.194  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM   11  C11 UNL     1       0.267   0.364  -1.558  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM   12  C12 UNL     1       1.162  -0.824  -1.500  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM   13  C13 UNL     1       2.568  -0.475  -0.980  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM   14  C14 UNL     1       3.192   0.512  -1.870  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM   15  C15 UNL     1       4.488   1.095  -1.521  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM   16  C16 UNL     1       5.692   0.274  -1.322  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM   17  C17 UNL     1       5.662  -0.626  -0.144  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM   18  C18 UNL     1       6.966  -1.385  -0.018  1.00  0.00           C  
HETATM   19  O1  UNL     1       7.856  -1.185  -0.856  1.00  0.00           O  
HETATM   20  O2  UNL     1       7.097  -2.260   1.019  1.00  0.00           O  
HETATM   21  O3  UNL     1       1.223   1.544   0.322  1.00  0.00           O  
HETATM   22  O4  UNL     1       1.136   2.851   0.427  1.00  0.00           O  
HETATM   23  H1  UNL     1      -4.910   0.158  -2.380  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   24  H2  UNL     1      -6.522  -0.327  -1.688  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   25  H3  UNL     1      -5.029  -1.337  -1.363  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   26  H4  UNL     1      -4.140   0.765  -0.131  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   27  H5  UNL     1      -5.848   1.380  -0.349  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   28  H6  UNL     1      -6.850  -0.442   0.648  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   29  H7  UNL     1      -5.394  -1.423   0.786  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   30  H8  UNL     1      -6.150   1.201   2.210  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   31  H9  UNL     1      -6.208  -0.408   2.955  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   32  H10 UNL     1      -3.797   1.333   2.245  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   33  H11 UNL     1      -4.410   0.837   3.813  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   34  H12 UNL     1      -3.782  -1.572   3.457  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   35  H13 UNL     1      -1.746  -1.809   2.312  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   36  H14 UNL     1      -2.201   1.110   1.175  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   37  H15 UNL     1      -0.085  -0.967   0.868  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   38  H16 UNL     1      -0.639   1.860  -0.384  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   39  H17 UNL     1       0.497   1.095  -2.338  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   40  H18 UNL     1      -0.756  -0.038  -1.822  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   41  H19 UNL     1       1.300  -1.202  -2.520  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   42  H20 UNL     1       0.726  -1.607  -0.885  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   43  H21 UNL     1       3.098  -1.470  -1.188  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   44  H22 UNL     1       2.613  -0.324   0.092  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   45  H23 UNL     1       2.498   1.382  -2.104  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   46  H24 UNL     1       3.255   0.010  -2.904  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   47  H25 UNL     1       4.317   1.765  -0.590  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   48  H26 UNL     1       4.767   1.914  -2.279  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   49  H27 UNL     1       5.772  -0.392  -2.252  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   50  H28 UNL     1       6.637   0.901  -1.337  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   51  H29 UNL     1       4.912  -1.403  -0.184  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   52  H30 UNL     1       5.535   0.017   0.770  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   53  H31 UNL     1       7.855  -2.884   1.178  1.00  0.00           H  
HETATM   54  H32 UNL     1       1.478   3.174   1.305  1.00  0.00           H  
CONECT    1    2   23   24   25
CONECT    2    3   26   27
CONECT    3    4   28   29
CONECT    4    5   30   31
CONECT    5    6   32   33
CONECT    6    7    7   34
CONECT    7    8   35
CONECT    8    9    9   36
CONECT    9   10   37
CONECT   10   11   21   38
CONECT   11   12   39   40
CONECT   12   13   41   42
CONECT   13   14   43   44
CONECT   14   15   45   46
CONECT   15   16   47   48
CONECT   16   17   49   50
CONECT   17   18   51   52
CONECT   18   19   19   20
CONECT   20   53
CONECT   21   22
CONECT   22   54
END

HMDB0006940
     RDKit          3D
9(S)-HPODE
 54 53  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0999 V2000
   -5.4129   -0.3141   -1.5302 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -5.1801    0.4812   -0.2365 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -5.7426   -0.3725    0.8717 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -5.6309    0.1970    2.2321 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -4.2484    0.4633    2.7460 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -3.4116   -0.7409    2.8198 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.2763   -0.8472    2.1698 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.7164    0.1851    1.3191 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.5480   -0.0099    0.6888 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.0633    1.0238   -0.1944 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.2673    0.3642   -1.5584 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.1618   -0.8243   -1.5003 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.5677   -0.4748   -0.9801 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.1923    0.5125   -1.8696 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    4.4876    1.0951   -1.5214 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    5.6923    0.2738   -1.3219 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    5.6623   -0.6259   -0.1445 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    6.9661   -1.3852   -0.0185 C   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    7.8558   -1.1847   -0.8558 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    7.0973   -2.2595    1.0192 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.2227    1.5440    0.3221 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.1364    2.8510    0.4272 O   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -4.9097    0.1582   -2.3803 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -6.5225   -0.3269   -1.6879 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -5.0294   -1.3367   -1.3626 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -4.1403    0.7655   -0.1311 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -5.8475    1.3800   -0.3493 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -6.8499   -0.4417    0.6485 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -5.3935   -1.4229    0.7859 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -6.1504    1.2010    2.2096 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -6.2081   -0.4077    2.9549 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -3.7974    1.3327    2.2446 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -4.4103    0.8369    3.8133 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -3.7816   -1.5717    3.4570 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -1.7458   -1.8093    2.3118 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -2.2006    1.1105    1.1747 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.0849   -0.9668    0.8680 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.6391    1.8601   -0.3843 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.4967    1.0950   -2.3379 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
   -0.7563   -0.0381   -1.8223 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.3000   -1.2017   -2.5200 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    0.7262   -1.6067   -0.8855 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.0984   -1.4701   -1.1875 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.6130   -0.3244    0.0923 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    2.4983    1.3821   -2.1039 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    3.2549    0.0104   -2.9039 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    4.3170    1.7654   -0.5902 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    4.7665    1.9144   -2.2790 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    5.7723   -0.3915   -2.2523 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    6.6372    0.9010   -1.3367 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    4.9125   -1.4028   -0.1838 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    5.5354    0.0170    0.7705 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    7.8549   -2.8838    1.1777 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
    1.4780    3.1742    1.3053 H   0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0
  1  2  1  0
  2  3  1  0
  3  4  1  0
  4  5  1  0
  5  6  1  0
  6  7  2  0
  7  8  1  0
  8  9  2  0
  9 10  1  0
 10 11  1  0
 11 12  1  0
 12 13  1  0
 13 14  1  0
 14 15  1  0
 15 16  1  0
 16 17  1  0
 17 18  1  0
 18 19  2  0
 18 20  1  0
 10 21  1  0
 21 22  1  0
  1 23  1  0
  1 24  1  0
  1 25  1  0
  2 26  1  0
  2 27  1  0
  3 28  1  0
  3 29  1  0
  4 30  1  0
  4 31  1  0
  5 32  1  0
  5 33  1  0
  6 34  1  0
  7 35  1  0
  8 36  1  0
  9 37  1  0
 10 38  1  0
 11 39  1  0
 11 40  1  0
 12 41  1  0
 12 42  1  0
 13 43  1  0
 13 44  1  0
 14 45  1  0
 14 46  1  0
 15 47  1  0
 15 48  1  0
 16 49  1  0
 16 50  1  0
 17 51  1  0
 17 52  1  0
 20 53  1  0
 22 54  1  0
M  END

View in JSmol View Stereo Labels

Synonyms

Value	Source
(10E,12Z)-9-Hydroperoxyoctadeca-10,12-dienoate	HMDB

Chemical Formula

C₁₈H₃₂O₄

Average Molecular Weight

312.4443

Monoisotopic Molecular Weight

312.230059512

IUPAC Name

(10E,12Z)-9-hydroperoxyoctadeca-10,12-dienoic acid

Traditional Name

9(S)-hpode

CAS Registry Number

Not Available

SMILES

CCCCC\C=C/C=C/C(CCCCCCCC(O)=O)OO

InChI Identifier

InChI=1S/C18H32O4/c1-2-3-4-5-6-8-11-14-17(22-21)15-12-9-7-10-13-16-18(19)20/h6,8,11,14,17,21H,2-5,7,9-10,12-13,15-16H2,1H3,(H,19,20)/b8-6-,14-11+

InChI Key

JGUNZIWGNMQSBM-ZJHFMPGASA-N

Chemical Taxonomy

Description

Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as lineolic acids and derivatives. These are derivatives of lineolic acid. Lineolic acid is a polyunsaturated omega-6 18 carbon long fatty acid, with two CC double bonds at the 9- and 12-positions.

Kingdom

Organic compounds

Super Class

Lipids and lipid-like molecules

Class

Fatty Acyls

Sub Class

Lineolic acids and derivatives

Direct Parent

Lineolic acids and derivatives

Alternative Parents

Substituents

Octadecanoid
Long-chain fatty acid
Hydroperoxy fatty acid
Fatty acid
Unsaturated fatty acid
Allylic hydroperoxide
Hydroperoxide
Carboxylic acid derivative
Alkyl hydroperoxide
Carboxylic acid
Peroxol
Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
Carbonyl group
Organooxygen compound
Hydrocarbon derivative
Organic oxide
Organic oxygen compound
Aliphatic acyclic compound

Molecular Framework

Aliphatic acyclic compounds

External Descriptors

Not Available

Ontology

Physiological effect

Not Available

Disposition

Biological location

Non-excretory biofluid

Biofluid or Excreta

Blood (PMID: 21359215)

Cellular substructure

Extracellular (HMDB: HMDB0006940)
Membrane (HMDB: HMDB0006940)

Greylag goose (FooDB: FOOD00368)
Guinea hen (FooDB: FOOD00373)
Ostrich (FooDB: FOOD00422)
Velvet duck (FooDB: FOOD00427)
Pheasant (FooDB: FOOD00430)
Squab (FooDB: FOOD00481)
Turkey (FooDB: FOOD00494)
Quail (FooDB: FOOD00541)
Anatidae (FooDB: FOOD00576)
Rock ptarmigan (FooDB: FOOD00597)
Columbidae (Dove, Pigeon) (FooDB: FOOD00610)
Chicken (FooDB: FOOD00329)
Mallard duck (FooDB: FOOD00353)
Emu (FooDB: FOOD00360)

Equine

Horse (FooDB: FOOD00378)

Lagomorph

Ovis

Sheep (Mutton, Lamb) (FooDB: FOOD00473)

Bovine

Venison

Deer (FooDB: FOOD00524)
Mule deer (FooDB: FOOD00348)
Elk (FooDB: FOOD00359)

Caprae

Domestic goat (FooDB: FOOD00529)

Swine

Domestic pig (FooDB: FOOD00536)
Wild boar (FooDB: FOOD00307)

Process

Not Available

Role

Not Available

Physical Properties

State

Solid

Experimental Molecular Properties

Property	Value	Reference
Melting Point	Not Available	Not Available
Boiling Point	Not Available	Not Available
Water Solubility	Not Available	Not Available
LogP	Not Available	Not Available

Experimental Chromatographic Properties

Not Available

Predicted Molecular Properties

Property	Value	Source
Water Solubility	0.0037 g/L	ALOGPS
logP	5.74	ALOGPS
logP	5.64	ChemAxon
logS	-4.9	ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)	4.68	ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)	-4.2	ChemAxon
Physiological Charge	-1	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count	4	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count	2	ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area	66.76 Å²	ChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count	15	ChemAxon
Refractivity	91.38 m³·mol⁻¹	ChemAxon
Polarizability	37.49 Å³	ChemAxon
Number of Rings	0	ChemAxon
Bioavailability	No	ChemAxon
Rule of Five	No	ChemAxon
Ghose Filter	No	ChemAxon
Veber's Rule	No	ChemAxon
MDDR-like Rule	No	ChemAxon

Predicted Chromatographic Properties

Predicted Collision Cross Sections

Predictor	Adduct Type	CCS Value (Å²)	Reference
DarkChem	[M+H]+	184.834	31661259
DarkChem	[M-H]-	183.298	31661259
DeepCCS	[M+H]+	184.545	30932474
DeepCCS	[M-H]-	181.994	30932474
DeepCCS	[M-2H]-	215.72	30932474
DeepCCS	[M+Na]+	192.009	30932474
AllCCS	[M+H]+	184.7	32859911
AllCCS	[M+H-H2O]+	181.8	32859911
AllCCS	[M+NH4]+	187.4	32859911
AllCCS	[M+Na]+	188.1	32859911
AllCCS	[M-H]-	182.7	32859911
AllCCS	[M+Na-2H]-	184.3	32859911
AllCCS	[M+HCOO]-	186.2	32859911

Predicted Kovats Retention Indices

Underivatized

Metabolite	SMILES	Kovats RI Value	Column Type	Reference
9(S)-HPODE	CCCCC\C=C/C=C/C(CCCCCCCC(O)=O)OO	3857.2	Standard polar	33892256
9(S)-HPODE	CCCCC\C=C/C=C/C(CCCCCCCC(O)=O)OO	2322.2	Standard non polar	33892256
9(S)-HPODE	CCCCC\C=C/C=C/C(CCCCCCCC(O)=O)OO	2460.6	Semi standard non polar	33892256

Derivatized

Derivative Name / Structure	SMILES	Kovats RI Value	Column Type	Reference
9(S)-HPODE,1TMS,isomer #1	CCCCC/C=C\C=C\C(CCCCCCCC(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)OO	2599.7	Semi standard non polar	33892256
9(S)-HPODE,1TBDMS,isomer #1	CCCCC/C=C\C=C\C(CCCCCCCC(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)OO	2845.1	Semi standard non polar	33892256

Spectra

GC-MS Spectra

Spectrum Type	Description	Splash Key	Deposition Date	Source	View
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 9(S)-HPODE GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive	splash10-00kf-9440000000-c657de287e00351c2dd5	2017-09-01	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 9(S)-HPODE GC-MS (1 TMS) - 70eV, Positive	splash10-01di-9533000000-12686f18ef669f139867	2017-10-06	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 9(S)-HPODE GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	2021-10-12	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum

MS/MS Spectra

Spectrum Type	Description	Splash Key	Deposition Date	Source	View
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 9(S)-HPODE 10V, Positive-QTOF	splash10-0002-0192000000-4f03d2f2bc968d55402e	2017-09-01	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 9(S)-HPODE 20V, Positive-QTOF	splash10-066s-5590000000-305c0b420ee5d598e5b5	2017-09-01	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 9(S)-HPODE 40V, Positive-QTOF	splash10-0536-9320000000-09fa315035194ffdf2c6	2017-09-01	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 9(S)-HPODE 10V, Negative-QTOF	splash10-03di-0149000000-4a41775c40edba3c555e	2017-09-01	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 9(S)-HPODE 20V, Negative-QTOF	splash10-01ox-1693000000-822907c2888d3b6c86e7	2017-09-01	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 9(S)-HPODE 40V, Negative-QTOF	splash10-0abc-9730000000-1e8118a529f287df673d	2017-09-01	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 9(S)-HPODE 10V, Negative-QTOF	splash10-03di-0049000000-47c36f2ca86e048d6e57	2021-09-22	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 9(S)-HPODE 20V, Negative-QTOF	splash10-03fr-0294000000-0f62e8df9cde9f695f86	2021-09-22	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 9(S)-HPODE 40V, Negative-QTOF	splash10-0573-6950000000-fa0435ffe57a382744c2	2021-09-22	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 9(S)-HPODE 10V, Positive-QTOF	splash10-03fr-1392000000-c52ebf9ba7e2a5cdb0eb	2021-09-22	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 9(S)-HPODE 20V, Positive-QTOF	splash10-07lj-9740000000-ca96197990baa307655f	2021-09-22	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 9(S)-HPODE 40V, Positive-QTOF	splash10-05q9-9300000000-ebc1e1072f5c33a44ea0	2021-09-22	Wishart Lab	View Spectrum

Biological Properties

Cellular Locations

Extracellular
Membrane

Biospecimen Locations

Blood

Tissue Locations

Not Available

Pathways

Not Available

Name	SMPDB/PathBank	KEGG

Normal Concentrations

Biospecimen	Status	Value	Age	Sex	Condition	Reference	Details
Blood	Detected and Quantified	0.00514 +/- 0.0038 uM	Adult (>18 years old)	Both	Normal	21359215	details

Abnormal Concentrations

Not Available

Associated Disorders and Diseases

Disease References

None

Associated OMIM IDs

None

External Links

DrugBank ID

Not Available

Phenol Explorer Compound ID

Not Available

FooDB ID

Not Available

KNApSAcK ID

Not Available

Chemspider ID

4944227

KEGG Compound ID

C14827

BioCyc ID

Not Available

BiGG ID

Not Available

Wikipedia Link

Not Available

METLIN ID

Not Available

PubChem Compound

6439847

PDB ID

Not Available

ChEBI ID

Not Available

Food Biomarker Ontology

Not Available

VMH ID

M01217

MarkerDB ID

Not Available

Good Scents ID

Not Available

References

Synthesis Reference

Not Available

Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)

Not Available

General References

Not Available

Enzymes

Enzyme Details

1. Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase

General function:: Involved in metal ion binding
Specific function:: Catalyzes the first step in leukotriene biosynthesis, and thereby plays a role in inflammatory processes.
Gene Name:: ALOX5
Uniprot ID:: P09917
Molecular weight:: 77982.595

Enzyme Details

2. Arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase

General function:: Involved in metal ion binding
Specific function:: Converts arachidonic acid to 15S-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid. Also acts on C-12 of arachidonate as well as on linoleic acid.
Gene Name:: ALOX15
Uniprot ID:: P16050
Molecular weight:: 74803.795

Showing metabocard for 9(S)-HPODE (HMDB0006940)

MOL for HMDB0006940 (9(S)-HPODE)

3D MOL for HMDB0006940 (9(S)-HPODE)

3D SDF for HMDB0006940 (9(S)-HPODE)

3D-SDF for HMDB0006940 (9(S)-HPODE)

PDB for HMDB0006940 (9(S)-HPODE)

3D PDB for HMDB0006940 (9(S)-HPODE)

SMILES for HMDB0006940 (9(S)-HPODE)

INCHI for HMDB0006940 (9(S)-HPODE)

Structure for HMDB0006940 (9(S)-HPODE)

3D Structure for HMDB0006940 (9(S)-HPODE)

Predicted Collision Cross Sections

Predicted Kovats Retention Indices

Underivatized

Derivatized

GC-MS Spectra

MS/MS Spectra

Enzymes