Record Information |
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Version | 5.0 |
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Status | Detected but not Quantified |
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Creation Date | 2006-05-22 14:17:36 UTC |
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Update Date | 2023-02-21 17:16:09 UTC |
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HMDB ID | HMDB0002092 |
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Secondary Accession Numbers | |
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Metabolite Identification |
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Common Name | Itaconic acid |
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Description | Itaconic acid is a dicarboxylic acid that is methacrylic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a carboxylic acid group. It has a role as a fungal metabolite and a human metabolite. It is a dicarboxylic acid and an olefinic compound. It derives from a succinic acid. It is a conjugate acid of an itaconate(2-). This dicarboxylic acid is a white solid that is soluble in water, ethanol, and acetone. Historically, itaconic acid was obtained by the distillation of citric acid, but currently it is produced by fermentation. The name itaconic acid was devised as an anagram of aconitic acid, another derivative of citric acid. Itaconic acid, also known as itaconate, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as branched fatty acids. These are fatty acids containing a branched chain. Itaconic acid is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble in water, and relatively neutral. Since the 1960s, it is produced industrially by the fermentation of carbohydrates such as glucose or molasses using fungi such as Aspergillus itaconicus or Aspergillus terreus. For A. terreus the itaconate pathway is mostly elucidated. The generally accepted route for itaconate is via glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and a decarboxylation of cis-aconitate to itaconate via cis-aconitate-decarboxylase. The smut fungus Ustilago maydis uses an alternative route. Cis-aconitate is converted to the thermodynamically favoured trans-aconitate via aconitate-Δ-isomerase (Adi1). trans-Aconitate is further decarboxylated to itaconate by trans-aconitate-decarboxylase (Tad1). Itaconic acid is also produced in cells of macrophage lineage. It was shown that itaconate is a covalent inhibitor of the enzyme isocitrate lyase in vitro. As such, itaconate may possess antibacterial activities against bacteria expressing isocitrate lyase (such as Salmonella enterica and Mycobacterium tuberculosis). It is also sythesized in the laboratory, where dry distillation of citric acid affords itaconic anhydride, which undergoes hydrolysis to itaconic acid. |
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Structure | InChI=1S/C5H6O4/c1-3(5(8)9)2-4(6)7/h1-2H2,(H,6,7)(H,8,9) |
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Synonyms | Value | Source |
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2-Methylenesuccinic acid | ChEBI | 2-Propene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid | ChEBI | Methylenebutanedioic acid | ChEBI | Methylenesuccinic acid | ChEBI | Propylenedicarboxylic acid | ChEBI | 2-Methylenesuccinate | Generator | 2-Propene-1,2-dicarboxylate | Generator | Methylenebutanedioate | Generator | Methylenesuccinate | Generator | Propylenedicarboxylate | Generator | Itaconate | Generator | 2-Hydroxy-3-naphthoyl-2-naphthylamine | HMDB | Itaconic acid, copper salt | HMDB | Itaconic acid, disodium salt | HMDB | Itaconic acid, calcium salt | HMDB | Itaconic acid, sodium salt | HMDB |
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Chemical Formula | C5H6O4 |
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Average Molecular Weight | 130.0987 |
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Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 130.02660868 |
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IUPAC Name | 2-methylidenebutanedioic acid |
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Traditional Name | itaconic acid |
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CAS Registry Number | 97-65-4 |
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SMILES | OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O |
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InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C5H6O4/c1-3(5(8)9)2-4(6)7/h1-2H2,(H,6,7)(H,8,9) |
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InChI Key | LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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Chemical Taxonomy |
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Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as branched fatty acids. These are fatty acids containing a branched chain. |
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Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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Super Class | Lipids and lipid-like molecules |
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Class | Fatty Acyls |
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Sub Class | Fatty acids and conjugates |
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Direct Parent | Branched fatty acids |
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Alternative Parents | |
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Substituents | - Branched fatty acid
- Unsaturated fatty acid
- Dicarboxylic acid or derivatives
- Carboxylic acid
- Carboxylic acid derivative
- Organic oxygen compound
- Organic oxide
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Organooxygen compound
- Carbonyl group
- Aliphatic acyclic compound
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Molecular Framework | Aliphatic acyclic compounds |
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External Descriptors | |
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Ontology |
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Physiological effect | Not Available |
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Disposition | |
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Process | |
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Role | |
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Physical Properties |
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State | Solid |
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Experimental Molecular Properties | Property | Value | Reference |
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Melting Point | 175 °C | Not Available | Boiling Point | Not Available | Not Available | Water Solubility | 76.8 mg/mL at 20 °C | Not Available | LogP | Not Available | Not Available |
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Experimental Chromatographic Properties | Experimental Collision Cross Sections |
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Predicted Molecular Properties | |
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Predicted Chromatographic Properties | Predicted Collision Cross SectionsPredicted Kovats Retention IndicesUnderivatizedDerivatizedDerivative Name / Structure | SMILES | Kovats RI Value | Column Type | Reference |
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Itaconic acid,1TMS,isomer #1 | C=C(CC(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)C(=O)O | 1296.5 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Itaconic acid,1TMS,isomer #2 | C=C(CC(=O)O)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C | 1268.0 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Itaconic acid,2TMS,isomer #1 | C=C(CC(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C | 1362.2 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Itaconic acid,1TBDMS,isomer #1 | C=C(CC(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C(=O)O | 1528.8 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Itaconic acid,1TBDMS,isomer #2 | C=C(CC(=O)O)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 1502.8 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 | Itaconic acid,2TBDMS,isomer #1 | C=C(CC(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C | 1786.0 | Semi standard non polar | 33892256 |
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| GC-MS SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Itaconic acid GC-MS (2 TMS) | splash10-067j-4970000000-62c083c1889c0389bdc7 | 2014-06-16 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Itaconic acid GC-MS (Non-derivatized) | splash10-067j-4970000000-62c083c1889c0389bdc7 | 2017-09-12 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - Itaconic acid GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized) | splash10-0002-1910000000-691ec6088f9d55e9b158 | 2017-09-12 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Itaconic acid GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-001c-9100000000-3218ae9ee6b97674a039 | 2016-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Itaconic acid GC-MS (2 TMS) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-059i-9420000000-cf91095ef1210525cf5d | 2017-10-06 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Itaconic acid GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - Itaconic acid GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
MS/MS SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Itaconic acid Quattro_QQQ 10V, N/A-QTOF (Annotated) | splash10-03y1-9400000000-8522d5eb5288a63433b1 | 2012-07-25 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Itaconic acid Quattro_QQQ 25V, N/A-QTOF (Annotated) | splash10-00kr-9000000000-8287612bcdd337cb94dd | 2012-07-25 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Itaconic acid Quattro_QQQ 40V, N/A-QTOF (Annotated) | splash10-02a9-9200000000-d17287465b81dab7939c | 2012-07-25 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Itaconic acid LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-004i-4900000000-8433e22f39cee33233c1 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Itaconic acid LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-000i-9000000000-5879e62dedd6aab4b1ca | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Itaconic acid LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 30V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-000i-9000000000-464f41418a542f68cdb2 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Itaconic acid LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0006-9000000000-96ec7055deb2e0402943 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Itaconic acid LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 50V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0006-9000000000-f4499898bdcf9c9eb9c4 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Itaconic acid LC-ESI-QTOF (UPLC Q-Tof Premier, Waters) , Negative-QTOF | splash10-000i-9100000000-dac578cf4d95b2206d4b | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Itaconic acid LC-ESI-QQ , negative-QTOF | splash10-004i-4900000000-8433e22f39cee33233c1 | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Itaconic acid LC-ESI-QQ , negative-QTOF | splash10-000i-9000000000-5879e62dedd6aab4b1ca | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Itaconic acid LC-ESI-QQ , negative-QTOF | splash10-000i-9000000000-464f41418a542f68cdb2 | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Itaconic acid LC-ESI-QQ , negative-QTOF | splash10-0006-9000000000-96ec7055deb2e0402943 | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Itaconic acid LC-ESI-QQ , negative-QTOF | splash10-0006-9000000000-f4499898bdcf9c9eb9c4 | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Itaconic acid LC-ESI-QTOF , negative-QTOF | splash10-000i-9100000000-dac578cf4d95b2206d4b | 2017-09-14 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Itaconic acid 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0006-9000000000-3a323040e2c2c85076cf | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Itaconic acid 35V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-000i-9000000000-d3d15eaac40f45cd1f12 | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Itaconic acid 6V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-000i-9000000000-2834a749f71c5924616c | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Itaconic acid 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-000i-9000000000-b8ad1fa3bcacc46e663c | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Itaconic acid 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-03di-4900000000-8dbdce71f36577627d67 | 2015-05-27 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Itaconic acid 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-02g9-9300000000-72767f1807dfa80e809c | 2015-05-27 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Itaconic acid 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-00kf-9000000000-e26167424a1c652a920d | 2015-05-27 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Itaconic acid 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-004r-5900000000-95e66a8f3b6c0bc3cec6 | 2015-05-27 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Itaconic acid 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-002r-9500000000-c8ab0cb1983e8213e622 | 2015-05-27 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Itaconic acid 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-014u-9000000000-f54d12caffc54c552d2d | 2015-05-27 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
NMR SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Experimental 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, H2O, experimental) | 2012-12-05 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Experimental 2D NMR | [1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, H2O, experimental) | 2012-12-05 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
IR SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M-H]-) | 2023-02-03 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum | Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+H]+) | 2023-02-03 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum | Predicted IR Spectrum | IR Ion Spectrum (Predicted IRIS Spectrum, Adduct: [M+Na]+) | 2023-02-03 | FELIX lab | View Spectrum |
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