Record Information |
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Version | 5.0 |
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Status | Detected and Quantified |
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Creation Date | 2006-03-08 13:03:03 UTC |
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Update Date | 2022-03-07 02:49:11 UTC |
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HMDB ID | HMDB0001893 |
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Secondary Accession Numbers | |
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Metabolite Identification |
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Common Name | alpha-Tocopherol |
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Description | alpha-Tocopherol is traditionally recognized as the most active form of vitamin E in humans and is a powerful biological antioxidant. The measurement of "vitamin E" activity in international units (IU) was based on fertility enhancement by the prevention of spontaneous abortions in pregnant rats relative to alpha-Tocopherol. Natural vitamin E exists in eight different forms or isomers: four tocopherols and four tocotrienols. In foods, the most abundant sources of vitamin E are vegetable oils such as palm oil, sunflower, corn, soybean, and olive oil. Nuts, sunflower seeds, and wheat germ are also good sources. |
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Structure | CC(C)CCC[C@@H](C)CCC[C@@H](C)CCC[C@]1(C)CCC2=C(C)C(O)=C(C)C(C)=C2O1 InChI=1S/C29H50O2/c1-20(2)12-9-13-21(3)14-10-15-22(4)16-11-18-29(8)19-17-26-25(7)27(30)23(5)24(6)28(26)31-29/h20-22,30H,9-19H2,1-8H3/t21-,22-,29-/m1/s1 |
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Synonyms | Value | Source |
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(2R,4'R,8'R)-alpha-Tocopherol | ChEBI | (R,R,R)-alpha-Tocopherol | ChEBI | 5,7,8-Trimethyltocol | ChEBI | d-alpha-Tocopherol | ChEBI | Vitamin e | ChEBI | (2R,4'r,8'r)-a-Tocopherol | Generator | (2R,4'R,8'R)-α-Tocopherol | Generator | a-Tocopherol | Generator | α-Tocopherol | Generator | (R,R,R)-a-Tocopherol | Generator | (R,R,R)-α-Tocopherol | Generator | D-a-Tocopherol | Generator | d-α-Tocopherol | Generator | (+)-a-Tocopherol | HMDB | (+)-alpha-Tocopherol | HMDB | (2R)-3,4-Dihydro-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-[(4R,8R)-4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl]-2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol | HMDB | a-D-Tocopherol | HMDB | alpha-delta-Tocopherol | HMDB | delta-alpha-Tocopherol | HMDB | Denamone | HMDB | Eprolin | HMDB | Phytogermin | HMDB | Phytogermine | HMDB | RRR-alpha-Tocopherol | HMDB | RRR-alpha-Tocopheryl | HMDB | Vitamin ea | HMDB | alpha-Tocopherol | ChEBI | (+)-2R,4'R,8'R-alpha-Tocopherol | HMDB | (+)-2R,4'R,8'R-α-Tocopherol | HMDB | (+)-2R,4’R,8’R-α-Tocopherol | HMDB | (+)-α-Tocopherol | HMDB | (2R,4’R,8’R)-α-Tocopherol | HMDB | (all-R)-alpha-Tocopherol | HMDB | (all-R)-α-Tocopherol | HMDB | 3,4-Dihydro-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-[(4R,8R)-4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl]-(2R)-2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol | HMDB | alpha-D-Tocopherol | HMDB | alpha-Vitamin E | HMDB | α-D-Tocopherol | HMDB | α-Vitamin E | HMDB | Almefrol | PhytoBank | Emipherol | PhytoBank | Etamican | PhytoBank | Evitaminum | PhytoBank | Profecundin | PhytoBank | Vitamin Ealpha | PhytoBank | Vitamin Eα | PhytoBank |
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Chemical Formula | C29H50O2 |
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Average Molecular Weight | 430.7061 |
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Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 430.381080844 |
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IUPAC Name | (2R)-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-[(4R,8R)-4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol |
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Traditional Name | VitaE |
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CAS Registry Number | 59-02-9 |
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SMILES | CC(C)CCC[C@@H](C)CCC[C@@H](C)CCC[C@]1(C)CCC2=C(C)C(O)=C(C)C(C)=C2O1 |
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InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C29H50O2/c1-20(2)12-9-13-21(3)14-10-15-22(4)16-11-18-29(8)19-17-26-25(7)27(30)23(5)24(6)28(26)31-29/h20-22,30H,9-19H2,1-8H3/t21-,22-,29-/m1/s1 |
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InChI Key | GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N |
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Chemical Taxonomy |
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Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as tocopherols. These are vitamin E derivatives containing a saturated trimethyltridecyl chain attached to the carbon C6 atom of a benzopyran ring system. The differ from tocotrienols that contain an unsaturated trimethyltrideca-3,7,11-trien-1-yl chain. |
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Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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Super Class | Lipids and lipid-like molecules |
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Class | Prenol lipids |
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Sub Class | Quinone and hydroquinone lipids |
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Direct Parent | Tocopherols |
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Alternative Parents | |
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Substituents | - Tocopherol
- Diterpenoid
- 1-benzopyran
- Benzopyran
- Chromane
- Alkyl aryl ether
- Benzenoid
- Oxacycle
- Organoheterocyclic compound
- Ether
- Organic oxygen compound
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Organooxygen compound
- Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound
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Molecular Framework | Aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds |
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External Descriptors | |
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Ontology |
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Not Available | Not Available |
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Physical Properties |
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State | Liquid |
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Experimental Molecular Properties | Property | Value | Reference |
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Melting Point | 3 °C | Not Available | Boiling Point | Not Available | Not Available | Water Solubility | Not Available | Not Available | LogP | Not Available | Not Available |
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Experimental Chromatographic Properties | Experimental Collision Cross Sections |
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Predicted Molecular Properties | |
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Predicted Chromatographic Properties | Predicted Collision Cross SectionsPredicted Kovats Retention IndicesUnderivatizedDerivatized |
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Spectra |
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| GC-MS SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - alpha-Tocopherol GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (1 TMS) | splash10-000i-1390000000-fc8c4f9b9405598ede7f | 2014-06-16 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - alpha-Tocopherol GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (1 TMS) | splash10-00dr-9150010000-c4abc0e689e9b2476b9d | 2014-06-16 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - alpha-Tocopherol GC-MS (1 TMS) | splash10-0f79-1190040000-663296a69129a59be1a6 | 2014-06-16 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - alpha-Tocopherol GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized) | splash10-000i-1390000000-fc8c4f9b9405598ede7f | 2017-09-12 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - alpha-Tocopherol GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized) | splash10-00dr-9150010000-c4abc0e689e9b2476b9d | 2017-09-12 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Experimental GC-MS | GC-MS Spectrum - alpha-Tocopherol GC-MS (Non-derivatized) | splash10-0f79-1190040000-663296a69129a59be1a6 | 2017-09-12 | HMDB team, MONA, MassBank | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - alpha-Tocopherol GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-0aor-9886300000-b3225facac6ebdd8ddbd | 2017-09-01 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - alpha-Tocopherol GC-MS (1 TMS) - 70eV, Positive | splash10-000l-7735900000-1585eb83c1211ebe95f2 | 2017-10-06 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - alpha-Tocopherol GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - alpha-Tocopherol GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | 2021-10-12 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | MS | Mass Spectrum (Electron Ionization) | splash10-0159-2900500000-03e8a824731610752eb3 | 2014-09-20 | Not Available | View Spectrum |
MS/MS SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - alpha-Tocopherol Quattro_QQQ 10V, Positive-QTOF (Annotated) | splash10-03di-9600100000-aaf885290800a10d3fb2 | 2012-07-24 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - alpha-Tocopherol Quattro_QQQ 25V, Positive-QTOF (Annotated) | splash10-01wr-9300000000-f0c814976a58a9d837ca | 2012-07-24 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - alpha-Tocopherol Quattro_QQQ 40V, Positive-QTOF (Annotated) | splash10-0f79-1494700000-6b5f8f817c5a5429ed70 | 2012-07-24 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - alpha-Tocopherol EI-EBEB (JMS-HX/HX 110A, JEOL) , Positive-QTOF | splash10-00lr-4910600000-1eda05dacf9642d7cea0 | 2012-08-31 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - alpha-Tocopherol 30V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-014i-0900000000-a5860634bfd1ceb6833f | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Experimental LC-MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - alpha-Tocopherol 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0159-0900500000-5a3bc17152cb61859b2c | 2021-09-20 | HMDB team, MONA | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - alpha-Tocopherol 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-001i-0842900000-f51286676592fd184193 | 2017-07-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - alpha-Tocopherol 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-014i-1920000000-1994f86bec2bb4a77b9c | 2017-07-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - alpha-Tocopherol 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-066r-3930000000-02190bf16d5d85d44bce | 2017-07-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - alpha-Tocopherol 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-004i-0110900000-c3541294fc60a7a8cc7e | 2017-07-26 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - alpha-Tocopherol 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-01t9-0730900000-553c4898757f6876036c | 2017-07-26 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - alpha-Tocopherol 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-03e9-0920200000-276273a531fed5b3a2b0 | 2017-07-26 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - alpha-Tocopherol 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-001i-3013900000-4985082235edff7c4b8c | 2021-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - alpha-Tocopherol 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-05r1-9313200000-cbc230d5dd20c629ffab | 2021-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - alpha-Tocopherol 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-9320000000-5958d2e1d5b687b012c1 | 2021-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - alpha-Tocopherol 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-004i-0000900000-d3ddef81c134412455e1 | 2021-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - alpha-Tocopherol 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-004i-0310900000-30597e14cf876e4e4764 | 2021-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - alpha-Tocopherol 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-08g0-2982400000-371737325df4dbb523b2 | 2021-09-22 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
NMR SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Experimental 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, CDCl3, experimental) | 2012-12-04 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Experimental 2D NMR | [1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, CDCl3, experimental) | 2012-12-05 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
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Biological Properties |
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Cellular Locations | - Cytoplasm
- Extracellular
- Membrane (predicted from logP)
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Biospecimen Locations | - Blood
- Breast Milk
- Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
- Feces
- Saliva
- Urine
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Tissue Locations | - Adipose Tissue
- Bladder
- Epidermis
- Erythrocyte
- Eye Lens
- Fibroblasts
- Intestine
- Leukocyte
- Liver
- Neuron
- Pancreas
- Placenta
- Platelet
- Prostate
- Skeletal Muscle
- Spleen
- Testis
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Pathways | |
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Normal Concentrations |
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Blood | Detected and Quantified | 21.3 (12.0 - 80.8) uM | Adolescent (13-18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 21.0 (7.0-35.0) uM | Children (1-13 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 24.6 +/- 5.8 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 24.1 +/- 6.3 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Female | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 7.4 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 31.530 +/- 12.910 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 33.830 +/- 13.840 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 37.920 +/- 16.490 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 42.350 +/- 19.690 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 34.950 +/- 14.260 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Female | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 36.320 +/- 16.900 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Female | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 37.270 +/- 16.740 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 39.220 +/- 18.780 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 25.307 +/- 5.804 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 21.855 +/- 4.864 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 28 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Female | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 25.1 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 23.812 +/- 4.794 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 22.986 +/- 6.733 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 29.719 +/- 12.538 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 9.7 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 18.574 +/- 4.644 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 22.296 +/- 4.883 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 23.914 +/- 6.269 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 26.700 +/- 5.804 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 30.540 +/- 5.260 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 30.650 +/- 4.820 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 31.0500 +/- 6.940 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 31.0900 +/- 8.0600 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 31.490 +/- 7.0700 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 31.790 +/- 5.760 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 31.800 +/- 8.470 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 32.0800 +/- 6.550 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 32.940 +/- 10.0700 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 33.410 +/- 10.250 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 33.680 +/- 10.230 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 33.790 +/- 8.490 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 33.920 +/- 11.740 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 34.310 +/- 12.270 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 34.800 +/- 11.400 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 34.827 +/- 11.144 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 35.0500 +/- 11.730 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 35.440 +/- 10.360 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 37.845 +/- 11.609 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 16.157 uM | Children (1-13 years old) | Female | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 0.0186-0.0279 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 17.066 uM | Adolescent (13-18 years old) | Female | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 17.8 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Female | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 29.0 (18.0-43.7) uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 26.3 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Female | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 26.782 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Female | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 28.2 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Female | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 34 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Female | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 17.0900 +/- 2.770 uM | Adolescent (13-18 years old) | Female | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 22.472 +/- 5.370 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Female | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 23.682 +/- 6.733 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Female | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 24.581 +/- 10.230 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Female | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 26 +/- 7.300 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Female | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 26.200 +/- 8.400 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Female | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 27.861 +/- 13.931 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Female | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 28 +/- 11 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Female | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 30.900 +/- 1.100 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Female | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 31.800 +/- 0.800 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Female | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 36.220 +/- 12.538 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Female | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 37.380 +/- 12.0732 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Female | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 17.096 uM | Adolescent (13-18 years old) | Male | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 17.941 uM | Children (1-13 years old) | Male | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 19.7 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 24.5 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 27.5 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 27.9 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 33.87 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 0.0223 +/- 0.00464 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 16.960 +/- 3.0900 uM | Adolescent (13-18 years old) | Male | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 22.0684 +/- 4.249 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 25.539 +/- 6.965 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 26 +/- 8 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 27.100 +/- 8.400 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 27.100 +/- 8.800 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 28.200 +/- 0.400 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 28.600 +/- 0.400 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 30 +/- 12 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 32.505 +/- 16.252 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 32.505 +/- 8.126 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 34.827 +/- 18.574 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 38.541 +/- 11.144 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 4.64-48.76 uM | Infant (0-1 year old) | Both | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 13.93-32.51 uM | Children (1 - <19 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 18.0-43.7 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 30.9 (17.6-53.2) uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Female | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 14.6 +/- 0.4 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 11.609-46.435 uM | Not Specified | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 48.6 +/- 23.7 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 48.3 +/- 22.5 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 14.2 +/- 0.4 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Breast Milk | Detected and Quantified | 1.5685229 +/- 0.8530929 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Female | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Infant (0-1 year old) | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Infant (0-1 year old) | Not Specified | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Infant (0-1 year old) | Not Available | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Saliva | Detected and Quantified | 0.0099 +/- 0.0041 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | Normal | | details | Saliva | Detected and Quantified | 0.0097 +/- 0.0032 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Female | Normal | | details | Saliva | Detected and Quantified | 0.082 +/- 0.048 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details | Urine | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Normal | | details |
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Abnormal Concentrations |
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Blood | Detected and Quantified | 32 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Colorectal, breast, or neuroendocrine cancer | | details | Blood | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Colorectal adenoma | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 0.00302 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | Abetalipoproteinemia | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 30.0 (20.6-33.9) uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Female | Endometrial cancer | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 1.161-5.340 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Not Specified | Vitamin E deficiency | | details | Blood | Detected and Quantified | 44.114 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | 27-hydroxylase deficiency | | details | Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) | Detected and Quantified | 0.11 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Not Specified | Parkinson's Disease | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Colorectal cancer | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Colorectal Cancer | | details | Feces | Detected but not Quantified | Not Quantified | Adult (>18 years old) | Both | Colorectal Cancer | | details | Saliva | Detected and Quantified | 0.0067 +/- 0.0039 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Male | Oral cancer | | details | Saliva | Detected and Quantified | 0.0062 +/- 0.0041 uM | Adult (>18 years old) | Female | Oral cancer | | details |
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Associated Disorders and Diseases |
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Disease References | Endometrial cancer |
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- Jeong NH, Song ES, Lee JM, Lee KB, Kim MK, Yun YM, Lee JK, Son SK, Lee JP, Kim JH, Hur SY, Kwon YI: Preoperative levels of plasma micronutrients are related to endometrial cancer risk. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2009;88(4):434-9. doi: 10.1080/00016340902767187. [PubMed:19235557 ]
| Abetalipoproteinemia |
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- Lazaro RP, Dentinger MP, Rodichok LD, Barron KD, Satya-Murti S: Muscle pathology in Bassen-Kornzweig syndrome and vitamin E deficiency. Am J Clin Pathol. 1986 Sep;86(3):378-87. [PubMed:2944375 ]
| Cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis |
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- Siman-Tov T, Meiner V, Gadoth N: Could steroids mask the diagnosis of cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis? J Neurol Sci. 2006 Apr 15;243(1-2):83-6. Epub 2006 Jan 30. [PubMed:16445943 ]
| Vitamin E deficiency |
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- Cavalier L, Ouahchi K, Kayden HJ, Di Donato S, Reutenauer L, Mandel JL, Koenig M: Ataxia with isolated vitamin E deficiency: heterogeneity of mutations and phenotypic variability in a large number of families. Am J Hum Genet. 1998 Feb;62(2):301-10. [PubMed:9463307 ]
| Parkinson's disease |
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- Pappert EJ, Tangney CC, Goetz CG, Ling ZD, Lipton JW, Stebbins GT, Carvey PM: Alpha-tocopherol in the ventricular cerebrospinal fluid of Parkinson's disease patients: dose-response study and correlations with plasma levels. Neurology. 1996 Oct;47(4):1037-42. [PubMed:8857741 ]
| Colorectal cancer |
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- Goedert JJ, Sampson JN, Moore SC, Xiao Q, Xiong X, Hayes RB, Ahn J, Shi J, Sinha R: Fecal metabolomics: assay performance and association with colorectal cancer. Carcinogenesis. 2014 Sep;35(9):2089-96. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgu131. Epub 2014 Jul 18. [PubMed:25037050 ]
- Brown DG, Rao S, Weir TL, O'Malia J, Bazan M, Brown RJ, Ryan EP: Metabolomics and metabolic pathway networks from human colorectal cancers, adjacent mucosa, and stool. Cancer Metab. 2016 Jun 6;4:11. doi: 10.1186/s40170-016-0151-y. eCollection 2016. [PubMed:27275383 ]
- Sinha R, Ahn J, Sampson JN, Shi J, Yu G, Xiong X, Hayes RB, Goedert JJ: Fecal Microbiota, Fecal Metabolome, and Colorectal Cancer Interrelations. PLoS One. 2016 Mar 25;11(3):e0152126. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152126. eCollection 2016. [PubMed:27015276 ]
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Associated OMIM IDs | - 608089 (Endometrial cancer)
- 200100 (Abetalipoproteinemia)
- 213700 (Cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis)
- 277460 (Vitamin E deficiency)
- 168600 (Parkinson's disease)
- 114500 (Colorectal cancer)
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External Links |
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DrugBank ID | DB00163 |
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Phenol Explorer Compound ID | Not Available |
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FooDB ID | FDB000565 |
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KNApSAcK ID | C00007366 |
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Chemspider ID | 14265 |
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KEGG Compound ID | C02477 |
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BioCyc ID | ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL |
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BiGG ID | 2296507 |
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Wikipedia Link | Alpha-Tocopherol |
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METLIN ID | 6376 |
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PubChem Compound | 14985 |
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PDB ID | Not Available |
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ChEBI ID | 18145 |
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Food Biomarker Ontology | Not Available |
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VMH ID | AVITE1 |
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MarkerDB ID | MDB00000354 |
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Good Scents ID | Not Available |
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References |
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Synthesis Reference | Matsui, Makoto. Synthesis of a-tocopherol for the next century. Nihon Yukagakkaishi (1996), 45(9), 821-831. |
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Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) | Not Available |
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General References | - Sreekumar A, Poisson LM, Rajendiran TM, Khan AP, Cao Q, Yu J, Laxman B, Mehra R, Lonigro RJ, Li Y, Nyati MK, Ahsan A, Kalyana-Sundaram S, Han B, Cao X, Byun J, Omenn GS, Ghosh D, Pennathur S, Alexander DC, Berger A, Shuster JR, Wei JT, Varambally S, Beecher C, Chinnaiyan AM: Metabolomic profiles delineate potential role for sarcosine in prostate cancer progression. Nature. 2009 Feb 12;457(7231):910-4. doi: 10.1038/nature07762. [PubMed:19212411 ]
- Hino K, Murakami Y, Nagai A, Kitase A, Hara Y, Furutani T, Ren F, Yamaguchi Y, Yutoku K, Yamashita S, Okuda M, Okita M, Okita K: Alpha-tocopherol [corrected] and ascorbic acid attenuates the ribavirin [corrected] induced decrease of eicosapentaenoic acid in erythrocyte membrane in chronic hepatitis C patients. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2006 Aug;21(8):1269-75. [PubMed:16872308 ]
- Ble-Castillo JL, Carmona-Diaz E, Mendez JD, Larios-Medina FJ, Medina-Santillan R, Cleva-Villanueva G, Diaz-Zagoya JC: Effect of alpha-tocopherol on the metabolic control and oxidative stress in female type 2 diabetics. Biomed Pharmacother. 2005 Jul;59(6):290-5. [PubMed:15932790 ]
- Jeanes YM, Hall WL, Proteggente AR, Lodge JK: Cigarette smokers have decreased lymphocyte and platelet alpha-tocopherol levels and increased excretion of the gamma-tocopherol metabolite gamma-carboxyethyl-hydroxychroman (gamma-CEHC). Free Radic Res. 2004 Aug;38(8):861-8. [PubMed:15493460 ]
- Jeanes YM, Hall WL, Lodge JK: Comparative (2)H-labelled alpha-tocopherol biokinetics in plasma, lipoproteins, erythrocytes, platelets and lymphocytes in normolipidaemic males. Br J Nutr. 2005 Jul;94(1):92-9. [PubMed:16115338 ]
- de Souza Junior O, Treitinger A, Baggio GL, Michelon C, Verdi JC, Cunha J, Ferreira SI, Spada C: alpha-Tocopherol as an antiretroviral therapy supplement for HIV-1-infected patients for increased lymphocyte viability. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2005;43(4):376-82. [PubMed:15899652 ]
- Palan PR, Woodall AL, Anderson PS, Mikhail MS: Alpha-tocopherol and alpha-tocopheryl quinone levels in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2004 May;190(5):1407-10. [PubMed:15167851 ]
- Traber MG, Siddens LK, Leonard SW, Schock B, Gohil K, Krueger SK, Cross CE, Williams DE: Alpha-tocopherol modulates Cyp3a expression, increases gamma-CEHC production, and limits tissue gamma-tocopherol accumulation in mice fed high gamma-tocopherol diets. Free Radic Biol Med. 2005 Mar 15;38(6):773-85. [PubMed:15721988 ]
- Mardla V, Kobzar G, Samel N: Potentiation of antiaggregating effect of prostaglandins by alpha-tocopherol and quercetin. Platelets. 2004 Aug;15(5):319-24. [PubMed:15370103 ]
- Pappert EJ, Tangney CC, Goetz CG, Ling ZD, Lipton JW, Stebbins GT, Carvey PM: Alpha-tocopherol in the ventricular cerebrospinal fluid of Parkinson's disease patients: dose-response study and correlations with plasma levels. Neurology. 1996 Oct;47(4):1037-42. [PubMed:8857741 ]
- Rota C, Barella L, Minihane AM, Stocklin E, Rimbach G: Dietary alpha-tocopherol affects differential gene expression in rat testes. IUBMB Life. 2004 May;56(5):277-80. [PubMed:15370891 ]
- Ekanayake-Mudiyanselage S, Tavakkol A, Polefka TG, Nabi Z, Elsner P, Thiele JJ: Vitamin E delivery to human skin by a rinse-off product: penetration of alpha-tocopherol versus wash-out effects of skin surface lipids. Skin Pharmacol Physiol. 2005 Jan-Feb;18(1):20-6. [PubMed:15608499 ]
- Liu ZQ: The "unexpected role" of vitamin E in free radical-induced hemolysis of human erythrocytes: alpha-tocopherol-mediated peroxidation. Cell Biochem Biophys. 2006;44(2):233-9. [PubMed:16456225 ]
- Kang MJ, Lin YC, Yeh WH, Pan WH: Vitamin E status and its dietary determinants in Taiwanese--results of the Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwan 1993-1996. Eur J Nutr. 2004 Apr;43(2):86-92. Epub 2004 Jan 6. [PubMed:15083315 ]
- Hozyasz K, Chelchowska M: [Vitamin E status in mothers of children with cleft lip]. Pol Merkur Lekarski. 2004 Jul;17(97):25-7. [PubMed:15559605 ]
- Rose AT, McFadden DW: Alpha-tocopherol succinate inhibits growth of gastric cancer cells in vitro. J Surg Res. 2001 Jan;95(1):19-22. [PubMed:11120630 ]
- Murohara T, Ikeda H, Otsuka Y, Aoki M, Haramaki N, Katoh A, Takajo Y, Imaizumi T: Inhibition of platelet adherence to mononuclear cells by alpha-tocopherol: role of P-selectin. Circulation. 2004 Jul 13;110(2):141-8. Epub 2004 Jun 14. [PubMed:15197142 ]
- Hozyasz KK, Chelchowska M, Laskowska-Klita T, Ruszkowska L, Milanowski A: [Low concentration of alpha-tocopherol in erythrocytes of atopic dermatitis patients]. Med Wieku Rozwoj. 2004 Oct-Dec;8(4 Pt 1):963-9. [PubMed:15951615 ]
- Horwitt MK, Elliott WH, Kanjananggulpan P, Fitch CD: Serum concentrations of alpha-tocopherol after ingestion of various vitamin E preparations. Am J Clin Nutr. 1984 Aug;40(2):240-5. [PubMed:6465056 ]
- Iuliano L, Micheletta F, Maranghi M, Frati G, Diczfalusy U, Violi F: Bioavailability of vitamin E as function of food intake in healthy subjects: effects on plasma peroxide-scavenging activity and cholesterol-oxidation products. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2001 Oct;21(10):E34-7. [PubMed:11597949 ]
- Miller ER 3rd, Pastor-Barriuso R, Dalal D, Riemersma RA, Appel LJ, Guallar E: Meta-analysis: high-dosage vitamin E supplementation may increase all-cause mortality. Ann Intern Med. 2005 Jan 4;142(1):37-46. Epub 2004 Nov 10. [PubMed:15537682 ]
- Poston L, Briley AL, Seed PT, Kelly FJ, Shennan AH: Vitamin C and vitamin E in pregnant women at risk for pre-eclampsia (VIP trial): randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2006 Apr 8;367(9517):1145-54. [PubMed:16616557 ]
- Rumbold AR, Crowther CA, Haslam RR, Dekker GA, Robinson JS: Vitamins C and E and the risks of preeclampsia and perinatal complications. N Engl J Med. 2006 Apr 27;354(17):1796-806. [PubMed:16641396 ]
- Elshenawy S, Pinney SE, Stuart T, Doulias PT, Zura G, Parry S, Elovitz MA, Bennett MJ, Bansal A, Strauss JF 3rd, Ischiropoulos H, Simmons RA: The Metabolomic Signature of the Placenta in Spontaneous Preterm Birth. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Feb 4;21(3). pii: ijms21031043. doi: 10.3390/ijms21031043. [PubMed:32033212 ]
- Linus Pauling Institute [Link]
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