Record Information |
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Version | 5.0 |
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Status | Detected and Quantified |
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Creation Date | 2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC |
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Update Date | 2021-09-14 15:44:39 UTC |
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HMDB ID | HMDB0000580 |
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Secondary Accession Numbers | - HMDB0000591
- HMDB00580
- HMDB00591
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Metabolite Identification |
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Common Name | Chondroitin sulfate |
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Description | Chondroitin sulfate (CS) (CAS: 9007-28-7) is a linear heteropolysaccharide consisting of repeating disaccharide units of glucuronic acid and galactosamine, which is commonly sulfated at C-4 and/or C-6 of galactosamine. Chondroitin sulfate is a glycosaminoglycan (GAG) covalently linked to proteins forming proteoglycans (PGs). GAGs are all anionic linear heteropolysaccharide chains of repeating disaccharide units. According to the monosaccharide types and the glycosidic bonds between them, GAGs are divided into (1) hyaluronan, (2) CS and dermatan sulfate (DS), (3) heparan sulfate and heparin, and (4) keratan sulfate. CS was isolated from cartilage in 1884, but the nature of its monosaccharides and structure was first described in 1925. On the basis of the structure of chondroitin sulfate, at least five enzyme activities could be predicted, including three transferases (EC 2.4.1.79, the initiating GalNAc transferase; EC 2.4.1.175, polymerizing GalNAc; and EC 2.4.1.17, GlcA transferase) and two sulfotransferases (EC 2.8.2.5, GalNAc 4-sulfotransferase and EC 2.8.2.17, GalNAc 6-sulfotransferase). Additional enzymes exist for the epimerization of GlcA, sulfation of the uronic acids, and other patterns of sulfation found in unusual species of chondroitin. Chondroitin sulfate assembly can occur on virtually all proteoglycans, depending on the cell in which the core protein is expressed. Chondroitin sulfates from different sources vary in the location of sulfate groups. Separation of the products reveals that many types of chondroitin sulfate exist in nature but many chains are hybrid structures containing more than one type of disaccharide. Animal cells also degrade chondroitin sulfate in lysosomes using a series of exoglycolytic activities (PMID: 8993162 ). Chondroitin 4-sulfate, also known as chondroitin sulfate A, is a derivative of chondroitin which has a sulfate moiety esterified to carbon 4 of the N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) sugar. Chondroitin 6-sulfate, also known as chondroitin sulfate C, is a derivative of chondroitin which has a sulfate moiety esterified to carbon 6 of the N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) sugar. Chondroitin 2,6-sulfate, also known as chondroitin sulfate D, is a derivative of chondroitin which has a sulfate moiety esterified to both carbon 2 of the glucuronic acid and carbon 6 of the N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) sugar. Chondroitin 4,6-sulfate, also known as chondroitin sulfate E, is a derivative of chondroitin which has a sulfate moiety esterified to carbons 4 and 6 of the N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) sugar. "Chondroitin sulfate B" is an old name for dermatan sulfate, but it is no longer classified as a true chondroitin sulfate. Chondroiton sulfate is a polymer that can contain up to 100 individual sugars. |
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Structure | [H]O[C@@H]1O[C@H](COS(O)(=O)=O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O[C@@H]2O[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2OS(O)(=O)=O)C(O)=O)[C@H]1NC(C)=O InChI=1S/C14H23NO18S2/c1-3(16)15-5-9(6(17)4(30-13(5)22)2-29-34(23,24)25)31-14-11(33-35(26,27)28)8(19)7(18)10(32-14)12(20)21/h4-11,13-14,17-19,22H,2H2,1H3,(H,15,16)(H,20,21)(H,23,24,25)(H,26,27,28)/t4-,5-,6+,7+,8+,9-,10+,11-,13-,14-/m1/s1 |
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Synonyms | Value | Source |
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(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-{[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6R)-2,5-dihydroxy-3-[(1-hydroxyethylidene)amino]-6-[(sulfooxy)methyl]oxan-4-yl]oxy}-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(sulfooxy)oxane-2-carboxylate | Generator | (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-{[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6R)-2,5-dihydroxy-3-[(1-hydroxyethylidene)amino]-6-[(sulphooxy)methyl]oxan-4-yl]oxy}-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(sulphooxy)oxane-2-carboxylate | Generator | (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-{[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6R)-2,5-dihydroxy-3-[(1-hydroxyethylidene)amino]-6-[(sulphooxy)methyl]oxan-4-yl]oxy}-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(sulphooxy)oxane-2-carboxylic acid | Generator | Chondroitin 2',6-disulfate | HMDB | Chondroitin 2',6-disulphate | HMDB | Chondroitin 2,6-disulfate | HMDB | Chondroitin 2,6-disulphate | HMDB | Chondroitin 2,6-sulfate | HMDB | Chondroitin 2,6-sulphate | HMDB | Chondroitin 2’,6-disulfate | HMDB | Chondroitin 2’,6-disulphate | HMDB | Chondroitin D sulfate | HMDB | Chondroitin D sulphate | HMDB | Chondroitin sulfate D | HMDB | Chondroitin sulfate type D | HMDB | Chondroitin sulphate D | HMDB | Chondroitin sulphate type D | HMDB | Chondroitin-2,6-sulfate | HMDB | Chondroitin-2,6-sulphate | HMDB | Chondroitinsulfuric acid D | HMDB | Chondroitinsulfuric acid type D | HMDB | Chondroitinsulphuric acid D | HMDB | Chondroitinsulphuric acid type D | HMDB |
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Chemical Formula | (C14H21NO17S2)nH2O |
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Average Molecular Weight | Not Available |
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Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | Not Available |
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IUPAC Name | Not Available |
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Traditional Name | Not Available |
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CAS Registry Number | 50814-15-8 |
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SMILES | [H]O[C@@H]1O[C@H](COS(O)(=O)=O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O[C@@H]2O[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2OS(O)(=O)=O)C(O)=O)[C@H]1NC(C)=O |
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InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C14H23NO18S2/c1-3(16)15-5-9(6(17)4(30-13(5)22)2-29-34(23,24)25)31-14-11(33-35(26,27)28)8(19)7(18)10(32-14)12(20)21/h4-11,13-14,17-19,22H,2H2,1H3,(H,15,16)(H,20,21)(H,23,24,25)(H,26,27,28)/t4-,5-,6+,7+,8+,9-,10+,11-,13-,14-/m1/s1 |
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InChI Key | XYOCZKDXLKPGBW-WUDOWALASA-N |
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Chemical Taxonomy |
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Description | This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as n-acyl-alpha-hexosamines. These are carbohydrate derivatives containing a hexose moiety in which the oxygen atom is replaced by an n-acyl group. |
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Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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Super Class | Organic oxygen compounds |
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Class | Organooxygen compounds |
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Sub Class | Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates |
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Direct Parent | N-acyl-alpha-hexosamines |
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Alternative Parents | |
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Substituents | - Disaccharide sulfate
- N-acyl-alpha-hexosamine
- O-glucuronide
- 1-o-glucuronide
- Glucuronic acid or derivatives
- O-glycosyl compound
- Glycosyl compound
- Disaccharide
- Beta-hydroxy acid
- Sulfuric acid ester
- Alkyl sulfate
- Sulfate-ester
- Sulfuric acid monoester
- Pyran
- Oxane
- Hydroxy acid
- Organic sulfuric acid or derivatives
- Secondary alcohol
- Hemiacetal
- Oxacycle
- Organoheterocyclic compound
- Organic 1,3-dipolar compound
- Propargyl-type 1,3-dipolar organic compound
- Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
- Carboxylic acid
- Carboxylic acid derivative
- Carboximidic acid derivative
- Carboximidic acid
- Acetal
- Organic nitrogen compound
- Organopnictogen compound
- Organic oxide
- Hydrocarbon derivative
- Organonitrogen compound
- Carbonyl group
- Alcohol
- Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compound
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Molecular Framework | Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compounds |
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External Descriptors | Not Available |
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Ontology |
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Physiological effect | Not Available |
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Disposition | |
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Process | Not Available |
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Role | Not Available |
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Physical Properties |
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State | Solid |
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Experimental Molecular Properties | Property | Value | Reference |
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Melting Point | Not Available | Not Available | Boiling Point | Not Available | Not Available | Water Solubility | Not Available | Not Available | LogP | Not Available | Not Available |
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Experimental Chromatographic Properties | Not Available |
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Predicted Molecular Properties | |
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Predicted Chromatographic Properties | Predicted Collision Cross SectionsPredictor | Adduct Type | CCS Value (Å2) | Reference |
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DeepCCS | [M+H]+ | 210.204 | 30932474 | DeepCCS | [M-H]- | 208.379 | 30932474 | DeepCCS | [M-2H]- | 242.224 | 30932474 | DeepCCS | [M+Na]+ | 215.996 | 30932474 |
Predicted Kovats Retention IndicesNot Available |
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| MS/MS SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Splash Key | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Chondroitin sulfate 10V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0a4i-0000090000-2ae1fc3b2e7c73b05746 | 2021-09-23 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Chondroitin sulfate 20V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0002-9000320000-b5e4d9bc4c99c4509c28 | 2021-09-23 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Chondroitin sulfate 40V, Negative-QTOF | splash10-0002-9010000000-75af886cc63c16b3a263 | 2021-09-23 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Chondroitin sulfate 10V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-0a4l-0000290000-2bc6c1deefdc9ecaf0a7 | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Chondroitin sulfate 20V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-03dl-0010900000-7547791c3925a6416441 | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted LC-MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Chondroitin sulfate 40V, Positive-QTOF | splash10-001i-9401100000-2769d7c8ee541eb7233c | 2021-09-25 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
NMR SpectraSpectrum Type | Description | Deposition Date | Source | View |
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Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum | Predicted 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted) | 2021-09-24 | Wishart Lab | View Spectrum |
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General References | - Baici A, Horler D, Moser B, Hofer HO, Fehr K, Wagenhauser FJ: Analysis of glycosaminoglycans in human serum after oral administration of chondroitin sulfate. Rheumatol Int. 1992;12(3):81-8. [PubMed:1411092 ]
- Koprivica V, Cho KS, Park JB, Yiu G, Atwal J, Gore B, Kim JA, Lin E, Tessier-Lavigne M, Chen DF, He Z: EGFR activation mediates inhibition of axon regeneration by myelin and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans. Science. 2005 Oct 7;310(5745):106-10. [PubMed:16210539 ]
- Calabro A, Hascall VC, Midura RJ: Adaptation of FACE methodology for microanalysis of total hyaluronan and chondroitin sulfate composition from cartilage. Glycobiology. 2000 Mar;10(3):283-93. [PubMed:10704527 ]
- Lee GJ, Tieckelmann H: The application of high-performance liquid chromatography in enzymatic assays of chondroitin sulfate isomers in normal human urine. J Chromatogr. 1981 Jan 2;222(1):23-31. [PubMed:6783674 ]
- Michelacci YM, Boim MA, Bergamaschi CT, Rovigatti RM, Schor N: Possible role for chondroitin sulfate in urolithiasis: in vivo studies in an experimental model. Clin Chim Acta. 1992 Jun 15;208(1-2):1-8. [PubMed:1638745 ]
- Alves CS, Mourao PA: Interaction of high molecular weight chondroitin sulfate from human aorta with plasma low density lipoproteins. Atherosclerosis. 1988 Oct;73(2-3):113-24. [PubMed:3142491 ]
- du Souich P, Verges J: Simple approach to predict the maximal effect elicited by a drug when plasma concentrations are not available or are dissociated from the effect, as illustrated with chondroitin sulfate data. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2001 Jul;70(1):5-9. [PubMed:11452238 ]
- Erkurt B, Ilker Y, Budak Y, Ozveren B, Turkeri L, Akdas A: Effect of urinary stone disease and extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy on excretion of glycosaminoglycans. J Endourol. 1999 Oct;13(8):553-7. [PubMed:10597124 ]
- Palylyk-Colwell E: Chondroitin sulfate for interstitial cystitis. Issues Emerg Health Technol. 2006 May;(84):1-4. [PubMed:16724430 ]
- Volpi N: Oral absorption and bioavailability of ichthyic origin chondroitin sulfate in healthy male volunteers. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2003 Jun;11(6):433-41. [PubMed:12801483 ]
- Conte A, Volpi N, Palmieri L, Bahous I, Ronca G: Biochemical and pharmacokinetic aspects of oral treatment with chondroitin sulfate. Arzneimittelforschung. 1995 Aug;45(8):918-25. [PubMed:7575762 ]
- Volpi N: Oral bioavailability of chondroitin sulfate (Condrosulf) and its constituents in healthy male volunteers. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2002 Oct;10(10):768-77. [PubMed:12359162 ]
- Dietrich CP, Martins JR, Sampaio LO, Nader HB: Anomalous structure of urinary chondroitin sulfate from cancer patients. A potential new marker for diagnosis of neoplasias. Lab Invest. 1993 Apr;68(4):439-45. [PubMed:8479152 ]
- Winchester BG: Lysosomal metabolism of glycoconjugates. Subcell Biochem. 1996;27:191-238. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4615-5833-0_7. [PubMed:8993162 ]
- (). Volpi, N., Fregni, R., Venturelli, T. Specific separation and quantitative determination of chondroitin sulfate in normal human plasma. Giornale Italiano di Chimica Clinica (1995), 20(5), 241-246. .
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